Volume 29, Number 2—February 2023
Research
Increased Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica I Serotype 4,[5],12:i:- Infections Associated with Pork, United States, 2009–2018
Table 2
Characteristics of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica 4,[5],12:i:- infections, United States, 2009–2018*
Characteristics | PFGE link to MDR clade |
Odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)† | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Linked, n = 1,427 | Not linked, n = 1,733 | |||
Age group, y | ||||
<1 | 90 (6.3) | 119 (6.9) | Referent | Referent |
1–17 | 529 (37.1) | 661 (38.1) | 1.06 (0.79–1.42) | 1.06 (0.76–1.47) |
18–64 | 641 (44.9) | 738 (42.6) | 1.15 (0.86–1.54) | 1.42 (1.02–1.97) |
>65 |
167 (11.7) |
215 (12.4) |
1.03 (0.73–1.44) |
1.28 (0.88–1.86) |
Sex | ||||
M | 704 (49.3) | 874 (50.4) | Referent | Referent |
F |
723 (50.7) |
859 (49.6) |
1.04 (0.91–1.20) |
1.02 (0.88–1.19) |
Race and ethnicity | N = 1,259 | N = 1,494 | ||
White, non-Hispanic | 643 (51.1) | 995 (66.6) | Referent | Referent |
Black, non-Hispanic | 225 (17.9) | 219 (14.7) | 1.59 (1.29–1.96) | 1.66 (1.34–2.06) |
Hispanic | 235 (18.7) | 174 (11.6) | 2.09 (1.68–2.60) | 2.26 (1.8–2.83) |
Other, non-Hispanic |
156 (12.4) |
106 (7.1) |
2.28 (1.75–2.97) |
2.46 (1.88–3.23) |
International travel |
107 (8.4), n = 1,277 |
78 (5.2), n = 1,499 |
1.67 (1.23–2.25) |
1.62 (1.17–2.24) |
Clinical outcome | ||||
Hospitalized | 389 (27.8), n = 1,401 | 488 (29), n = 1,680 | 0.94 (0.80–1.10) | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) |
Died | 7 (0.5), n = 1,392 | 7 (0.4), n = 1,685 | 1.21 (0.42–3.46) | 1.40 (0.43–4.54) |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. Values exclude 612 isolates without PFGE information. Among sequenced clinical PulseNet isolates collected during 2015–2018 that also had PFGE information, 2,070/3,007 (69%) belonged to a clade associated with ASSuT resistance that contained 275 PFGE patterns; these patterns were identified in 7/937 (0.8%) isolates outside the clade. ASSuT, ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphamethoxazole, and tetracycline; MDR, multidrug resistant; PFGE, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. †Adjusted for age, sex, race, and ethnicity.