Incursion of Novel Eurasian Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza H5 Virus, Australia, 2023
Michelle Wille
, Victoria Grillo, Silvia Ban de Gouvea Pedroso, Natasha D. Brohier, Ivano Broz, Charlotte Burgoyne, Allison Crawley, Kelly Davies, Mark Ford, Joanne Grimsey, Nina Y.H. Kung, Jasmina M. Luczo, Cornelius Matereke, Peter T. Mee, Patrick Mileto, Matthew J. Neave, Megan Poon, Vittoria Stevens, Guy Weerasinghe, Sara Zufan, Ian G. Barr, Marcel Klaassen, Andrew C. Breed, and Frank Y.K. Wong
Author affiliation: Centre for Pathogen Genomics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (M. Wille, S. Zufan); Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne (M. Wille, I.G. Barr); Wildlife Health Australia, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia (V. Grillo, S.B. de Grouvea Pedroso); Department of Energy, Environment, and Climate Action, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia (N.D. Brohier, P.T. Mee); Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (I. Broz, K. Davies, M. Ford, J. Grimsey, J.M. Luczo, P. Mileto, M.J. Neave, M. Poon, V. Stevens, F.Y.K. Wong); Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia (C. Burgoyne, G. Weerasinghe); Department of Primary Industries and Regions, Glenside, South Australia, Australia (A. Crawley, C. Matereke); Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia (N.Y.H. Kung); Deakin University, Geelong (M. Klassen); University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia (A.C. Breed); Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry, Canberra (A.C. Breed)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Phylogenetic analysis of Eurasian lineage LPAI H5 virus detected in Australia, 2023. A) Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of all H5 sequences from Asia, North America, and Oceania since 2010. Major clades have been highlighted. The arrow indicates the novel lineage detection in Australia. The tree has been rooted between the North American and Eurasian lineages. Scale bar indicates number of substitutions per site. B) Cropped time-structured phylogenetic tree. Dashed lines indicate the date of divergence from GenBank reference sequences, the most recent common ancestor of all Australian sequences, and the date of first detection. Node bars comprise the 95% highest posterior density. Scale bar is time in years. gs/GD, goose/Guangdong lineage of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1); LPAI, low pathogenicity avian influenza.
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