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Volume 30, Supplement—October 2024
SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Articles

Respiratory Disease Surveillance in the Middle East and Latin America during the COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020–2022

Yeny O. Tinoco1, Tamer S. Osman, Julia S. Ampuero, Mahmoud Gazo, Victor Ocaña, Edward Chávez, Marianela Ore, Elizabeth Carrillo, Jose Santa Cruz, Carlos Delgado, Carlos Alvarez, Rommell Gonzalez, Marina S. Gonzalez, Doris Gómez, Maria E. Arango, Javier Jaramillo, Juan M. Pascale, Nicolas Aguayo, Daniel Olson, Kareen Arias, Miguel M. Cabada, William D. Graham, Tyler D. Moeller, Mohammad Alhawarat, Moutasium Hossinate, Fatima Thneibat, Mohammad Maayeh, Bassem A. Hamdy, Omar Nowar, Samuel Y. Levin, and Mayar M. Said1Comments to Author 
Author affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit SOUTH, Callao, Peru (Y.O. Tinoco, J.S. Ampuero, W.D. Graham, T.D. Moeller); US Naval Medical Research Unit EURAFCENT, Cairo, Egypt (T.S. Osman, B.A. Hamdy, O. Nowar, S.Y. Levin, M.M. Said); Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan (M. Gazo, M. Alhawarat, M. Hossinate, F. Thneibat, M. Maayeh); Pachitea Health Center, Piura, Peru (V. Ocaña); Centro de Salud Militar, Trujillo, Peru (E. Chávez); Epidemiología, Comando de Salud del Ejército, Lima, Peru (M. Ore); Seguro Social de Salud-EsSalud, Lima (E. Carrillo); Dirección Regional de Salud, Cusco, Peru (J. Santa Cruz); Dirección Regional de Salud, Puerto Maldonado, Peru (C. Delgado); Dirección Regional de Salud Loreto, Loreto, Peru (C. Alvarez); Dirección Regional de Salud, Tumbes, Peru (R. Gonzalez); Secretaria de Salud del Meta, Villavicencio, Colombia (M.S. Gonzalez); Universidad de Cartagena Grupo UNIMOL, Cartagena, Colombia (D. Gómez); Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia (M.E. Arango); Hospital Pablo Tobon Uribe, Medellin (J. Jaramillo); Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama (J.M. Pascale); Rayos de Sol NGO, Asunción, Paraguay (N. Aguayo); University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA (D. Olson); Fundacion para la Salud Integral de los Guatemaltecos, Retalhuleu, Guatemala (K. Arias); Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Cusco (M.M. Cabada); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA (M.M. Cabada)

Main Article

Table 1

Characteristics of samples collected as part of respiratory disease surveillance in the Middle East and Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic, 2020–2022*

Jordan
 Latin America
Characteristics
 SARI, n = 8,523
ILI, n = 2,782
SARI, n = 687
ILI, n = 4,154
Year of enrollment
2020 909 (11) 137 (5) 3 (0.4) 44 (1.1)
2021 4,408 (52) 1,251 (45) 252 (37) 2,250 (54)
2022
 3,206 (38)
1,394 (50)
432 (63)
1,860 (45)
Total samples tested
Influenza 8,523 (100) 2,782 (100) 687 (100) 4,154 (100)
SARS-CoV-2 8,144 (96) 2,782 (100) 687 (100) 4,154 (100)
Other respiratory pathogens
 8,147 (96)
2,467 (89)
687 (100)
4,154 (100)
Detections
No detections 4,446 (52.2) 1,655 (59.5) 116 (16.9) 1,088 (26.2)
Positive, % of positive samples 4,077 (47.8) 1,127 (40.5) 571 (83.1) 3,066 (73.8)
Monodetections 2,661 (65.3) 721 (64.0) 385 (67.4) 2,609 (85.1)
Codetections 1,416 (34.7) 406 (36.0) 186 (32.6) 457 (14.9)
2 pathogens 888 (21.8) 255 (22.6) 139 (24.3) 388 (12.7)
3 pathogens 341 (8.4) 104 (9.2) 36 (6.3) 56 (1.8)
>3 pathogens 187 (4.6) 47 (4.2) 11 (1.9) 13 (0.4)

*Samples were tested by Fast-Track Diagnostics 33 (FTD-33; Siemens Healthineers, https://www.siemens-healthineers.com) panel in Jordan and by BioFire FilmArray Respiratory Panel 2.1 (RP 2.1; bioMérieux, https://www.biomerieux.com) in Latin America. Values are no. (%). ILI, influenza-like illness; SARI, severe acute respiratory illness.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: October 17, 2024
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