Volume 30, Number 5—May 2024
Research Letter
Reemergence of Bordetella parapertussis, United States, 2019–2023
Brooklyn A. Noble
, Sarah S. Jiudice, Jay D. Jones, and Tristan T. Timbrook
, Sarah S. Jiudice, Jay D. Jones, and Tristan T. Timbrook
Table
Bordetella parapertussis testing, United States, 2019–2023*
| Year, region | States | No. (%) tests performed |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Facilities | RP2 tests | RP2.1 tests† | ||
| 2019 | ||||
| Midwest | IL, IN, KS, MI, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, WI | 19 (52.8) | 49,226 (48.9) | 0 |
| Northeast | NY, PA | 3 (8.3) | 6,252 (6.2) | 0 |
| South | FL, SC, TX | 6 (16.7) | 13,109 (13.0) | 0 |
| West |
AK, AZ, CA, ID, UT |
8 (22.2) |
31,989 (31.8) |
0 |
| 2020 | ||||
| Midwest | IL, IN, KS, MI, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, WI | 36 (45.0) | 44,545 (27.3) | 44,832 (27.5) |
| Northeast | NY, PA | 5 (6.2) | 1,988 (1.2) | 1,511 (0.9) |
| South | AL, FL, GA, LA, SC, TN, TX, VA | 18 (22.5) | 9,208 (5.6) | 17,352 (10.6) |
| West |
AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, OR, UT, WY |
20 (25.0) |
25,663 (15.7) |
13,845 (8.5) |
| 2021 | ||||
| Midwest | IA, IL, IN, KS, MI, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, WI | 40 (39.2) | 3125 (0.8) | 137,322 (36.8) |
| Northeast | MA, NY, PA | 6 (5.9) | 0 | 37,207 (10.0) |
| South | AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, SC, TN, TX, VA | 31 (30.4) | 405 (0.1) | 124,544 (33.4) |
| West |
AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, OR, UT, WY |
25 (24.5) |
1,709 (0.5) |
64,733 (17.4) |
| 2022 | ||||
| Midwest | IA, IL, IN, KS, MI, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, WI | 41 (36.9) | 502 (0.1) | 169,739 (33.9) |
| Northeast | MA, NJ, NY, PA, VT | 8 (7.2) | 0 | 65,602 (13.1) |
| South | AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, SC, TN, TX, VA | 35 (31.5) | 0 | 174,014 (34.8) |
| West |
AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY |
26 (23.4) |
221 |
87,262 (17.5) |
| 2023‡ | ||||
| Midwest | IA, IL, IN, KS, MI, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, WI | 39 (34.8) | 0 | 98,274 (31.7) |
| Northeast | MA, NJ, NY, PA, VT | 8 (7.1) | 0 | 51,160 (16.5) |
| South | AL, AR, FL, GA, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, SC, TN, TX, VA | 37 (33.0) | 0 | 114,433 (36.9) |
| West | AK, AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, OR, UT, WA, WY | 27 (24.1) | 0 | 44,612 (14.4) |
*Rates consider the total number for each year across all regions and test versions. †The BIOFIRE RP2.1 test (bioMérieux, https://www.biomerieux-usa.com, authorized for emergency use in May 2020) is identical to the BIOFIRE RP2 test except for the addition of SARS-CoV-2. Use of the 2 test versions overlapped primarily during June–July 2020. During that time, comparison of detection rates of the 2 test versions did not show strong evidence of a statistically significant difference for B. pertussis (p = 0.16) or B. parapertussis (p = 0.72). ‡The 2023 data collection period was January–July.
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