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Volume 30, Number 8—August 2024
Synopsis

Systematic Review of Prevalence of Histoplasma Antigenuria in Persons with HIV in Latin America and Africa

Preethiya Sekar, Gila Hale, Jane Gakuru, David B. Meya, David R. Boulware, Jayne Ellis, Elizabeth Nalintya, Nathan C. Bahr, and Radha RajasinghamComments to Author 
Author affiliations: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (P. Sekar, D.R. Boulware, N.C. Bahr, R. Rajasingham); Makerere University Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala, Uganda (G. Hale, J. Gakuru, D.B. Meya, E. Nalintya); London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK (J. Ellis); University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, USA (N.C. Bahr)

Main Article

Table

Characteristics of Histoplasma urine antigen prevalence studies included in systematic review of prevalence of Histoplasma antigenuria in persons with HIV in Latin America and Africa*

Reference Country Study design Study population† Clinical status Setting Test type‡ No. participants No. samples tested HUA positivity, %
(14)
 Tanzania
 Cross-sectional
 All HIV and non-HIV
 Symptomatic
 Inpatient
 MV EIA
 628
 628
 1.1
(15)
 Uganda
 Cohort
 Advanced HIV
 Asymptomatic
 Outpatient
 IMMY GM EIA
 388
 388
 1.0
(16)
 Uganda
 Cohort
 Advanced HIV/meningitis
 Symptomatic
 Inpatient
 MV EIA
 257
 257
 0.0
(17)
 South Africa
 Cross-sectional
 Advanced HIV
 Symptomatic
 Outpatient
 IMMY Alpha EIA
 34
 17
 23.5
(18)
 South Africa
 Cross-sectional
 Advanced HIV
 Asymptomatic
 Inpatient
 IMMY GM EIA
 189
 189
 5.8
(19)
 Cameroon
 Cross-sectional
 All HIV
 Asymptomatic
 Outpatient
 OIDx EIA
 138
 138
 26.1
(20)
 Ghana
 Cross-sectional
 All HIV
 Asymptomatic
 Outpatient
 IMMY GM EIA + OIDx LFA
 150
 107
 5.6
(21)
 Nigeria
 Cross-sectional
 Advanced HIV
 Symptomatic
 Outpatient
 IMMY GM EIA
 213
 41
 7.3
(22)
 Nigeria
 Cross-sectional
 Advanced HIV
 Symptomatic
 Inpatient
 IMMY GM EIA
 988
 988
 7.7
(23)
 Mexico
 Cohort
 Advanced HIV
 Symptomatic
 Inpatient
 IMMY Alpha EIA
 288
 288
 21.5
(24)
 Brazil
 Cohort
 Advanced HIV
 Asymptomatic
 Inpatient
 IMMY Alpha EIA
 106
 106
 3.8
(25)
 Colombia
 Cross- sectional
 Advanced HIV
 Symptomatic
 Inpatient
 IMMY Alpha EIA
 172
 172
 29.1
(26)
 Colombia
 Cross-sectional
 Advanced HIV
 Asymptomatic
 Outpatient
 CDC ELISA
 768
 154
 20.1
(27)
 Panama, Honduras, Nicaragua
 Cross-sectional
 All HIV
 Symptomatic
 Inpatient
 IMMY GM EIA
 4453
 1343
 20.0
(28) Trinidad Cross-sectional HIV Asymptomatic Outpatient IMMY GM EIA + OIDx LFA 280 280 6.4

*EIA, enzyme immunoessay; GM, galactomannan; HUA, histoplasma urine antigen; LFA, lateral flow assay. †All HIV refers to participants with HIV who were not stratified by CD4 or limited to CD4 counts <200, such as persons in advanced HIV cohorts. ‡Test manufacturers and types: MV, MiraVista Diagnostics EIA (https://miravistalabs.com); IMMY Alpha and GM EIAs (https://www.immy.com); OIDx, Optimum Imaging Diagnostics LFA (https://optimumimaging.com).

Main Article

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Page created: May 22, 2024
Page updated: July 20, 2024
Page reviewed: July 20, 2024
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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