Volume 30, Number 8—August 2024
Research
Wastewater Surveillance to Confirm Differences in Influenza A Infection between Michigan, USA, and Ontario, Canada, September 2022–March 2023
Table 3
Unshifted correlations between influenza-associated hospitalizations in Michigan, USA, and the aggregate population-weighted wastewater concentrations for influenza A virus in Detroit, MI, USA from October 2022–March 23*
Associations† |
Statistical test results |
2-tailed 95% CI‡ |
2-tailed p value |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kendall τ |
Spearman ρ |
||||
DTW M1 and influenza-associated hospitalizations | 0.616 | 0.415 | 0.759 | <0.001 | |
DTW M1:PMMoV and influenza-associated hospitalizations | 0.559 | 0.341 | 0720 | <0.001 | |
DTW M1 and influenza-associated hospitalizations | 0.769 | 0.535 | 0.893 | <0.001 | |
DTW M1:PMMoV and influenza-associated hospitalizations | 0.708 | 0. 433 | 0.863 | <0.001 |
*DTW, Detroit wastewater; M1, matrix 1 gene: PMMoV, pepper mottle mild virus. †DTW M1, aggregate concentration of influenza A M1 gene (genome copies/mL) in DTW; DTW M1:PMMoV, concentration of influenza A M1 gene in DTW normalized to PMMoV (unitless). ‡Estimation is based on Fisher r-to-z transformation; estimation of SE is based on the formula proposed by Fieller, Hartley, and Pearson (27).
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