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Volume 30, Number 9—September 2024
Research
Infection Rates and Symptomatic Proportion of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza in Pediatric Population, China, 2023
Table 1
Characteristic | No. participants | SARS-CoV-2, n = 74 |
Influenza, n = 76 |
p value for SARS-CoV-2 vs. influenza | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cumulative rates/ 1,000 persons (95% CI)† | Univariate OR (95% CI) | Cumulative rates/ 1,000 persons (95% CI)† | Univariate OR (95% CI)‡ | ||||
Overall |
593 |
124.8 (98.0–156.7) |
NA |
128.2 (101.0–160.4) |
NA |
0.93 |
|
Sex | |||||||
F | 311 | 115.8 (81.1–160.3) | Referent | 112.5 (78.4–156.5) | Referent | >0.99 | |
M |
282 |
134.8 (95.4–185.0) |
1.2 (0.8–2.0) |
145.4 (104.3–197.2) |
1.4 (0.9–2.3) |
0.81 |
|
Age group, y§ | |||||||
4–6 | 166 | 90.4 (50.6–149.0) | 2.5 (1.0–6.6) | 222.9 (156.9–307.2) | 10.0 (4.2–29.8) | 0.002 | |
7–12 | 180 | 38.9 (15.6–80.1) | Referent | 27.8 (9.0–64.8) | Referent | 0.77 | |
13–15 | 165 | 187.9 (127.7–266.7) | 5.7 (2.6–14.5) | 127.3 (78.8–194.5) | 5.1 (2.0–15.6) | 0.17 | |
16–18 |
82 |
256.1 (158.5–391.5) |
8.5 (3.6–22.5) |
158.5 (84.4–271.1) |
6.6 (2.4–21.2) |
0.18 |
|
Type of educational setting | |||||||
Childcare center | 173 | 86.7 (48.5–143.0) | 2.3 (0.9–6.0) | 219.7 (155.4–301.5) | 11.9 (4.6–40.4) | 0.001 | |
Primary school | 173 | 40.5 (16.3–83.4) | Referent | 23.1 (6.3–59.2) | Referent | 0.54 | |
Junior secondary school | 165 | 187.9 (127.7–266.7) | 5.5 (2.5–13.9) | 127.3 (78.8–194.5) | 6.2 (2.3–21.5) | 0.17 | |
High school |
82 |
256.1 (158.5–391.5) |
8.2 (3.5–21.6) |
158.5 (84.4–271.1) |
8.0 (2.7–29.0) |
0.18 |
|
Urban | |||||||
Y | 345 | 153.6 (115.1–200.9) | 2.0 (1.2–3.4) | 176.8 (135.2–227.1) | 3.3 (1.9–6.2) | 0.47 | |
N |
248 |
84.7 (52.4–129.4) |
Referent |
60.5 (33.9–99.8) |
Referent |
0.39 |
|
COVID-19 vaccination history | |||||||
Unvaccinated | 68 | 147.1 (70.5–270.4) | Referent | NA | NA | NA | |
1 dose | 19 | 105.3 (12.7–380.2) | 0.7 (0.1–2.9) | NA | NA | NA | |
2 doses | 506 | 122.5 (93.9–157.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | NA | NA | NA |
ORs were estimated using logistic regression model. NA, not applicable; NE, not estimated; OR, odds ratio. †Cumulative rate and 95% CI indicate the number of episodes dividing the number of participants using Poisson distribution. ‡Influenza vaccination coverage was <1% and thus not included in the analysis for influenza. §The age grouping generally corresponded to different types of educational settings. Most children in childcare centers, primary schools, junior secondary schools, and high schools were 4–6, 7–12, 13–15, and 16–18 years of age.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.