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Volume 31, Number 11—November 2025

Dispatch

Spiroplasma ixodetis in Ticks Removed from Humans, Sweden and Åland Islands, Finland

Malin LagerComments to Author , Yousif Alkattan, Amanda Sandbacka Karlsson, Louise Fernström, Anna Grankvist, Christine Wennerås, Marika Nordberg, Dag Nyman, Per-Eric Lindgren, Pia Forsberg, Peter Wilhelmsson, and Anna J. Henningsson
Author affiliation: National Reference Laboratory for Borrelia and Other Tick-Borne Bacteria, Jönköping, Sweden (M. Lager, P.-E. Lindgren, P. Wilhelmsson, A.J. Henningsson); Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (Y. Alkattan, A. Sandbacka Karlsson, P.-E. Lindgren, P. Forsberg, P. Wilhelmsson, A.J. Henningsson); Lycksele Hospital, Region Västerbotten, Sweden (L. Fernström); National Reference Laboratory for Borrelia and other Tick-Borne Bacteria, Gothenburg, Sweden (A. Grankvist, C. Wennerås); Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg (C. Wennerås); Åland Health Services, Mariehamn, Finland (M. Nordberg); The Borrelia Research Group of the Åland Islands, Mariehamn (M. Nordberg, D. Nyman); European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Study Group for Tick-Borne Diseases, Basel, Switzerland (D. Nyman, P.-E. Lindgren, A.J. Henningsson)

Main Article

Table 1

Ticks testing positive for Spiroplasma ixodetis, by developmental stage, in study of S. ixodetis in ticks removed from humans, Sweden and Åland Islands, Finland

Developmental stage Total no. (%) No. (%) positive *
Larva 118 (4.0) 3 (2.5)
Nymph
 1,823 (67)
 44 (2.4)
Adult 689 (25) 22 (3.2)
F 654 (24) 21 (3.2)
M
 35 (1.3)
 1 (2.9)
Not determined†
 105 (4.0)
 3 (2.9)
Total 2,735 (100.0) 72 (2.6)

*Percentage calculated based on the number of S. ixodetis–positive ticks in relation to the total number of ticks in the study per developmental stage. †Developmental stage could not be determined because of damage to ticks during removal from host.

Main Article

Page created: November 20, 2025
Page updated: December 04, 2025
Page reviewed: December 04, 2025
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