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Volume 31, Supplement—October 2025


SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Supplement

Long-Term Illness in Adults Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease, United States, February 2022–September 2023

Aleda M. LeisComments to Author , Kelsey N. Womack, Courtney Maxcy, Ellen Caldwell, Caroline Cheng, Sydney A. Cornelison, Diya Surie, Fatimah S. Dawood, Sharon Saydah, Manjusha Gaglani, Cristie Columbus, Abhijit Duggal, Laurence W. Busse, Laurynn M. Giles, Ivana A. Vaughn, Ithan D. Peltan, David N. Hager, Amira Mohamed, Matthew C. Exline, Akram Khan, Jennifer G. Wilson, Jarrod S. Mosier, Steven Y. Chang, Adit A. Ginde, Nicholas M. Mohr, Christopher Mallow, Estelle S. Harris, Nicholas J. Johnson, Kevin W. Gibbs, Jennie H. Kwon, Basmah Safdar, Emily T. Martin, Wesley H. Self, Catherine L. Hough, Jin H. Han, and for the Investigating Respiratory Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network1
Author affiliation: University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (A.M. Leis, C. Cheng, E.T. Martin); Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA (K.N. Womack, W.H. Self); Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA (C. Maxcy, E. Caldwell, A. Khan, C.L. Hough); Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (S.A. Cornelison, J.H. Han); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (D. Surie, F.S. Dawood, S. Saydah); Baylor College of Medicine–Temple, Temple, Texas, USA (M. Gaglani); Baylor Scott & White Health, Dallas, Texas, USA (M. Gaglani, C. Columbus); Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Dallas (M. Gaglani, C. Columbus); Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA (A. Duggal); Emory University, Atlanta (L.W. Busse); Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (L.M. Giles); Henry Ford Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA (I.A. Vaughn); Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA (I.D. Peltan); University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (I.D. Peltan, E.S. Harris); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (D.N. Hager); Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA (A. Mohamed); The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA (M.C. Exline); Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA (J.G. Wilson); University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA (J.S. Mosier); University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (S.Y. Chang); University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA (A.A. Ginde); University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA (N.M. Mohr); University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA (C. Mallow); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (N.J. Johnson); Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA (K.W. Gibbs); Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA (J.H. Kwon); Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (B. Safdar); Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville (J.H. Han)

Main Article

Table 1

Characteristics of patients in a study of long-term illness in adults hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus disease or COVID-19, United States, February 2022–September 2023*

Category Primary RSV cohort
COVID-19, n = 118
Overall, n = 146 Age <60, n = 71 Age >60, n = 75
Demographics
Age at admission, y (IQR) 60.5 (49.0–70.0) 49.0 (35.0–54.0) 70.0 (65.0–75.0) 64.5 (52.0–75.0)
Sex
F 88 (60.3) 39 (54.9) 49 (65.3) 60 (50.9)
M 58 (39.7) 32 (45.1) 26 (34.7) 57 (48.3)
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White 68 (46.6) 22 (31.0) 46 (61.3) 73 (61.9)
Non-Hispanic Black 43 (29.5) 26 (36.6) 17 (22.7) 27 (22.9)
Hispanic 22 (15.1) 15 (21.1) 7 (9.3) 11 (9.3)
Other 8 (5.5) 4 (5.6) 4 (5.3) 5 (4.2)
Unknown 5 (3.4) 4 (5.6) 1 (1.3) 2 (1.7)
Current/former smoker 22 (15.1) 12 (16.9) 10 (13.3) 21 (18.8)
Long-term care facility at admission†
4 (2.7)
1 (1.4)
3 (4.0)
5 (4.2)
Baseline characteristics at hospital admission
Immunocompromised status 44 (30.1) 28 (39.4) 16 (21.3) 39 (33.1)
Cardiovascular disease 99 (67.8) 40 (56.3) 59 (78.7) 82 (69.5)
Neurologic disease 9 (6.2) 8 (11.3) 1 (1.3) 19 (16.1)
Pulmonary disease 67 (45.9) 25 (35.2) 42 (56.0) 38 (32.2)
Gastrointestinal disease 6 (4.1) 6 (8.5) 0 (0.0) 7 (5.9)
Endocrine disease 53 (36.3) 23 (32.4) 30 (40.0) 51 (43.2)
Renal disease 40 (27.4) 15 (21.1) 25 (33.3) 34 (28.8)
Hematologic disease 24 (16.4) 9 (12.7) 15 (20.0) 16 (13.6)
Autoimmune/inflammatory disease 13 (8.9) 8 (11.3) 5 (6.7) 9 (7.6)
Psychiatric disorders 32 (21.9) 18 (25.4) 14 (18.7) 32 (27.1)
No. organ systems with chronic disease (IQR)‡ 2.0 (2.0–3.0) 2.0 (1.0–3.0) 2.0 (2.0–3.0) 2.0 (1.0–3.0)
Baseline physical functioning limitations§ 44 (30.1) 18 (25.4) 26 (34.7) 50 (42.4)
COVID-19 vaccination, current season¶
50 (34.2)
16 (22.5)
34 (45.3)
36 (30.5)
Characteristics of hospital course
Intensive care unit admission 36 (24.7) 19 (26.8) 17 (22.7) 15 (12.7)
Severe hospital outcomes# 53 (36.3) 24 (33.8) 29 (38.7) 20 (17.0)
Hospital length of stay, d (IQR)** 5.0 (3.0–9.0) 4.0 (3.0–8.0) 5.0 (3.0–10.0) 4.0 (2.0–7.0)
Discharged to long-term care facility 10 (6.9) 4 (5.6) 6 (8.0) 15 (12.7)

*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. Percentages for fields with missing values are computed based on the full column value. For those with RSV, variables missing data were current/former smoker (n = 12), long-term care facility at admission (n = 2), COVID-19 vaccination status (n = 2), and discharged to long-term care facility (n = 6). For those with COVID-19, variables missing data were sex (n = 1), current/former smoker (n = 6), long-term care facility at admission (n = 4), COVID-19 vaccination status (n = 4), and discharged to long-term care facility (n = 1). IQR, interquartile range; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus. †Including nursing homes, assisted living homes, and rehabilitation hospital or other subacute or chronic facility. ‡Organ systems affected by chronic disease: cardiovascular disease, neurologic disease, pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disease, endocrine disease, kidney disease, hematologic disease, autoimmune disease, and immunocompromising conditions. §Baseline physical functioning limitations are defined as receiving home care help or unable to walk. ¶Defined for those hospitalized before September 1, 2022, as completion of a primary series plus 1 or 2 monovalent (original) boosters and for those hospitalized after September 1, 2022, as receipt of >1 bivalent vaccine doses #Defined as any of the following events during the acute illness hospitalization: deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, stroke, high-flow nasal cannula oxygen, noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, new tracheostomy, new renal replacement therapy, use of vasopressors, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. **Those hospitalized >28 d had length of stay truncated at 28 d.

Main Article

1A full list of collaborators in the IVY Network is provided in Appendix 1.

Page created: August 25, 2025
Page updated: December 04, 2025
Page reviewed: December 04, 2025
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