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Dynamics of Bagaza, West Nile, and Usutu Viruses in Red-Legged Partridges, Portugal, 2018–2022
Catarina Fontoura-Gonçalves, Francisco Llorente, Elisa Pérez-Ramírez, Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero, João Basso Costa, Gonçalo de Mello, David Gonçalves, Paulo Célio Alves, Ursula Höfle, and João Queirós
Author affiliation: Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Porto, Portugal (C. Fontoura-Gonçalves, D. Gonçalves, P. Célio Alves, J. Queirós); Faculdade de Ciências, Porto (C. Fontoura-Gonçalves, D. Gonçalves, P. Célio Alves, J. Queirós); BIOPOLIS, Vairão, Portugal (C. Fontoura-Gonçalves, D. Gonçalves, P. Célio Alves, J. Queirós); IREC (CSIC-UCLM), Ciudad Real, Spain (C. Fontoura-Gonçalves, U. Höfle); Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, Spain (F. Llorente, E. Pérez-Ramírez; M.Á. Jiménez-Clavero); CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain (M.Á. Jiménez-Clavero); Herdade de Vale de Perditos, Serpa, Portugal (J. Basso Costa, G. de Mello); EBM—Estação Biológica de Mértola, Mértola, Portugal (D. Gonçalves, P. Célio Alves, J. Queirós)
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Figure 1
Figure 1. Diagnostic protocol and geographic location of sampling in study of dynamics of BAGV, WNV, and USUV in red-legged partridges, Portugal, 2018–2022. Diagnostic protocol was used to quantify the seroprevalence of WNV and WNV cross-reacting antibodies by ELISA and specific seroprevalence for BAGV, WNV, USUV, and undetermined orthoflaviviruses by virus neutralization test. Inset map shows location of Portugal in Europe (red shading) and location of red-legged partridge population sampled in this study (red location pin). BAGV, Bagaza virus; USUV, Usutu virus; WNV, West Nile virus.
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