Volume 31, Number 5—May 2025
Synopsis
Comprehensive Survival Analysis of Alveolar Echinococcosis Patients, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 1973–2022
Ansgar Deibel1
, Yanick Kindler1, Rubens Mita, Soleen Ghafoor, Cordula Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Barbara Brunner-Geissmann, Alexander Schweiger, Felix Grimm, Michael Reinehr, Achim Weber, Cäcilia S. Reiner, Andreas E. Kremer, Henrik Petrowsky, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Peter Deplazes, Stefanie von Felten, and Beat Müllhaupt
, Yanick Kindler1, Rubens Mita, Soleen Ghafoor, Cordula Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Barbara Brunner-Geissmann, Alexander Schweiger, Felix Grimm, Michael Reinehr, Achim Weber, Cäcilia S. Reiner, Andreas E. Kremer, Henrik Petrowsky, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Peter Deplazes, Stefanie von Felten, and Beat Müllhaupt
Table 3
Characteristics of patients who died because of AE, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 1973–2022*
| ID | Year diag | Age, y/sex | Stage | Symp | Comp | Surgery | Time to surgery, mo† | Aim | BMZ | Time to BMZ† | Survival time, mo† | Direct cause of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
1973 |
26/M |
IV |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
37 |
Palliative, with biliodigestive anastomosis |
Yes‡ |
94 |
384 |
Biliocutaneous fistula, recurrent biliary infections, secondary biliary cirrhosis |
| 2 |
1975 |
57/M |
IV |
Yes |
Vascular |
Yes |
0 |
Curative |
Yes |
80 |
238 |
Retroperitoneal recurrence, total IVC occlusion, GI hemorrhage |
| 3 |
1975 |
54/F |
IV |
Yes |
None |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Yes |
77 |
104 |
Cerebral AE manifestation |
| 4 |
1978 |
68/F |
II |
Yes |
Biliary |
Yes |
0 |
Palliative, with biliodigestive anastomosis |
Yes |
0 |
35 |
Recurrent biliary infections, secondary biliary cirrhosis |
| 5 |
1979 |
44/F |
IIIa |
Yes |
Vascular |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Yes |
0 |
281 |
ERCP for pancreatitis, decompensation, peritonitis |
| 6 |
1980 |
61/F |
IV |
Yes |
Biliary |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Yes |
0 |
133 |
Secondary biliary cirrhosis |
| 7 |
1982 |
67/M |
IV |
Yes |
Vascular |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Yes |
0 |
159 |
Variceal bleeding |
| 8 |
1983 |
64/F |
IIIb |
Yes |
Biliary |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Yes |
0 |
53 |
Cholangitis with liver abscess |
| 9 |
1983 |
47/F |
II |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
0 |
Palliative |
Yes |
0 |
233 |
Progressive disease, secondary surgery, postoperative multiorgan failure |
| 10 |
1988 |
67/M |
IIIa |
Yes |
Biliary |
Yes |
0 |
Palliative |
Yes |
1 |
149 |
PTCD for cholangitis |
| 11 |
2001 |
48/M |
IV |
Yes |
None |
Yes |
0 |
Palliative, nonhepatic |
Yes |
0 |
193 |
Cerebral AE manifestation |
| 12 |
2001 |
56/F |
IIIb |
Yes |
Vascular |
NA |
NA |
NA |
Yes |
0 |
187 |
Liver failure because of portal and liver vein thrombosis |
| 13 | 2017 | 60/F | IV | Yes | Biliary | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 70 | PTCD for cyst infection with rupture and peritoneal dissemination |
*AE, alveolar echinococcosis; BMZ, benzimidazole drug therapy; comp, complications at diagnosis; diag, diagnosed; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography; ID, identification number; IVC, inferior vena cava; PTCD, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage; symp, symptoms at diagnosis; surg, surgery. †Time after diagnosis. ‡Discontinued after 195 months because of intolerance (95 months before death).
1These first authors contributed equally to this article.
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Page updated: April 28, 2025
Page reviewed: April 28, 2025
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