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Volume 31, Number 5—May 2025
Synopsis
Comprehensive Survival Analysis of Alveolar Echinococcosis Patients, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 1973–2022
Table 3
Characteristics of patients who died because of AE, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 1973–2022*
ID | Year diag | Age, y/sex | Stage | Symp | Comp | Surgery | Time to surgery, mo† | Aim | BMZ | Time to BMZ† | Survival time, mo† | Direct cause of death |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1973 | 26/M | IV | Yes | None | Yes | 37 | Palliative, with biliodigestive anastomosis | Yes‡ | 94 | 384 | Biliocutaneous fistula, recurrent biliary infections, secondary biliary cirrhosis |
2 | 1975 | 57/M | IV | Yes | Vascular | Yes | 0 | Curative | Yes | 80 | 238 | Retroperitoneal recurrence, total IVC occlusion, GI hemorrhage |
3 | 1975 | 54/F | IV | Yes | None | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 77 | 104 | Cerebral AE manifestation |
4 | 1978 | 68/F | II | Yes | Biliary | Yes | 0 | Palliative, with biliodigestive anastomosis | Yes | 0 | 35 | Recurrent biliary infections, secondary biliary cirrhosis |
5 | 1979 | 44/F | IIIa | Yes | Vascular | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 281 | ERCP for pancreatitis, decompensation, peritonitis |
6 | 1980 | 61/F | IV | Yes | Biliary | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 133 | Secondary biliary cirrhosis |
7 | 1982 | 67/M | IV | Yes | Vascular | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 159 | Variceal bleeding |
8 | 1983 | 64/F | IIIb | Yes | Biliary | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 53 | Cholangitis with liver abscess |
9 | 1983 | 47/F | II | Yes | None | Yes | 0 | Palliative | Yes | 0 | 233 | Progressive disease, secondary surgery, postoperative multiorgan failure |
10 | 1988 | 67/M | IIIa | Yes | Biliary | Yes | 0 | Palliative | Yes | 1 | 149 | PTCD for cholangitis |
11 | 2001 | 48/M | IV | Yes | None | Yes | 0 | Palliative, nonhepatic | Yes | 0 | 193 | Cerebral AE manifestation |
12 | 2001 | 56/F | IIIb | Yes | Vascular | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 187 | Liver failure because of portal and liver vein thrombosis |
13 | 2017 | 60/F | IV | Yes | Biliary | NA | NA | NA | Yes | 0 | 70 | PTCD for cyst infection with rupture and peritoneal dissemination |
*AE, alveolar echinococcosis; BMZ, benzimidazole drug therapy; comp, complications at diagnosis; diag, diagnosed; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography; ID, identification number; IVC, inferior vena cava; PTCD, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and drainage; symp, symptoms at diagnosis; surg, surgery; yod, year of diagnosis. †Time after diagnosis. ‡Discontinued after 195 months because of intolerance (95 months before death).
1These first authors contributed equally to this article.