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Volume 32, Number 1—January 2026

Research Letter

Serologic Evidence of Exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei, Nigeria

Jelmer Savelkoel1Comments to Author , Gabriel E. Wagner1, Chiedozie K. Ojide, Katrin Frankenfeld, Anne Rudloff, Susanna J. Dunachie, Michaela Lipp, W. Joost Wiersinga, Ivo Steinmetz2, Emma Birnie2, and Rita O. Oladele2
Author affiliation: Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J. Savelkoel, W.J. Wiersinga, E. Birnie); Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria (G.E. Wagner, M. Lipp, I. Steinmetz); Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria (C.K. Ojide); Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki (C.K. Ojide); Research Center for Medical Technology and Biotechnology, fzmb GmbH, Bad Langensalza, Germany (K. Frankenfeld, A. Rudloff); Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (S.J. Dunachie); University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (S.J. Dunachie); College of Medicine University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria (R.O. Oladele); Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos (R.O. Oladele)

Main Article

Table

Demographic characteristics and serologic responses of 500 healthy participants in Ebonyi state, Nigeria, in study of serologic evidence of exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei*

Variable Participants, n = 500
Sex
M 303 (60.6)
F
 197 (39.4)
Median age, y (IQR)
 30.00 (23.00–38.00)
Farmer
 370 (74.0)
Barefoot soil exposure
 306 (61.2)
Smoking, current
 32 (6.4)
Alcohol use, current
 243 (48.6)
Diabetes
 4 (0.8)
Serologic response
BPSL2096 110 (22.0)
BPSL2697 2 (0.4)
BPSS0477 0
BPSS1498 82 (16.4)

*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. IQR, interquartile range.

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article

2These senior authors contributed equally to this article

Page created: December 30, 2025
Page updated: January 29, 2026
Page reviewed: January 29, 2026
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