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Volume 32, Number 1—January 2026

Research

Effect of Chloramine Disinfection of Community Water System on Legionnaires’ Disease Outbreak, Minnesota, USA, 2024

Molly E. Bledsoe1, Apoorva Goel, Maya Adelgren, Timothy M. LaPara2, and Raymond M. Hozalski2Comments to Author 
Author affiliation: University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (M.E. Bledsoe, A. Goel, M. Adelgren, T.M. LaPara, R.M. Hozalski); Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota–Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA (T.M. LaPara, R.M. Hozalski)

Main Article

Figure

Approximate locations of the sites from which water samples were collected in study of the effect of chloramine disinfection of community water system on Legionnaires’ disease outbreak, Minnesota, USA. Circles indicate community sampling sites A–G. Square indicates water utility. Dotted lines represent 2 major roads that pass through the community.

Figure. Approximate locations of the sites from which water samples were collected in study of the effect of chloramine disinfection of community water system on Legionnaires’ disease outbreak, Minnesota, USA. Circles indicate community sampling sites A–G. Square indicates water utility. Dotted lines represent 2 major roads that pass through the community.

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Black & Veatch, Bloomington, Minnesota, USA.

2These authors contributed equally to this manuscript.

Page created: December 18, 2025
Page updated: January 29, 2026
Page reviewed: January 29, 2026
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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