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Volume 32, Number 10—October 2026

Research

Molecular Epidemiology and Evolution of Swine Influenza A Viruses, Vietnam, 2020–2024

Ngoc Anh Bui1, Zoe Yi Song1, Samuel M.S. Cheng1, Duy Tung Dao, Lydia D.J. Chang, Gigi Y.Z. Liu, Quang Huy Nguyen, Thi Hang Dang, Quoc Hung Nguyen, Tom L.Y. Woo, Coco H.C. Chan, Tommy T.Y. Lam, Vuong N. Bui, and Malik PeirisComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Vietnam Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Hanoi, Vietnam (N.A. Bui, D.T. Dao, Quang H. Nguyen, T.H. Dang, Quoc H. Nguyen, V.N. Bui); The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Z.Y. Song, S.M.S. Cheng, L.D.J Chang, G.Y.Z. Liu, T.L.Y. Woo, C.H.C. Chan, T.T.Y. Lam, M. Peiris).

Main Article

Figure 8

Time-scaled maximum likelihood phylogeny of swine influenza A virus hemagglutinin H3 clade 3.2000.4 from study of molecular epidemiology and evolution of swine influenza A viruses, Vietnam, 2020–2024. The heatmap shows the genetic source of all genes. Dots are colored by geographic regions. Red and blue circled dots and labels show the samples in Vietnam from this study and from previous studies. Shimodaira-Hasegawa–like approximate likelihood ratio test branch support values are labeled on nodes. The horizontal axis represents calendar time.

Figure 8. Time-scaled maximum likelihood phylogeny of swine influenza A virus hemagglutinin H3 clade 3.2000.4 from study of molecular epidemiology and evolution of swine influenza A viruses, Vietnam, 2020–2024. The heatmap shows the genetic source of all genes. Dots are colored by geographic regions. Red and blue circled dots and labels show the samples in Vietnam from this study and from previous studies. Shimodaira-Hasegawa–like approximate likelihood ratio test branch support values are labeled on nodes. The horizontal axis represents calendar time.

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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Page updated: September 28, 2026
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