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Volume 32, Number 6—June 2026

CME ACTIVITY - Synopsis

Cerebrospinal Fluid Findings among Patients with Anaplasmosis and Central Nervous Involvement, Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA

Igor DumicComments to Author , Charles W. Nordstrom, Marie Schulz, Sagar B. Dugani, John Fox, Ronin Joshua Cosiquien, Tatjana Gavrancic, Margaret Paulson, Cristian Madrid, and Wendelyn Bosch
Author affiliation: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA (I. Dumic, C.W. Nordstrom, T. Gavrancic, M. Paulson, C. Madrid, W. Bosch); Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, USA (I. Dumic, C.W. Nordstrom, M. Paulson, C. Madrid); Medical College of Wisconsin–Central Wisconsin, Wausau, Wisconsin, USA (M. Schulz, J. Fox); Mayo Clinic, Rochester (S.B. Dugani); University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA (R.J. Cosiquien); Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA (T. Gavrancic, W. Bosch)

Main Article

Table 2

Characteristics of patients with anaplasmosis from published case-reports used to investigate cerebrospinal fluid findings among patients with anaplasmosis and central nervous system involvement, Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA*

Reference no. Age, y/sex Immune status Neurologic presentation ICU admission Cerebrospinal fluid†
Leukocyte
count		 Leukocyte type (%) Protein, mg/dL Glucose, mg/dL
(8)
 65/F
 IS
 Stroke, encephalitis
 Y
 7
 Lymphocyte (78)
 28
 136
(9)
 70/F
 IC
 Syncope, meningoencephalitis
 NR
 10
 Lymphocyte (50);
neutrophils (50)
 34
 57.7
(10)
 62/M
 IC
 Encephalitis
 Y
 10
 Lymphocyte (50)
 Within reference range
Within reference range
(11)
 80/F
 IC
 Trigeminal neuralgia, fever, headache
 N
 0
 NA
 20
 65
(12)
 62/M
 IC
 OMA, saccades, encephalitis
 NR
 160
 Lymphocyte (NR)
 243
 NR
(13)
 33/M
 IC
 Meningitis
 NR
 4
 Lymphocyte (85)
 52
 64
(14)
 64/F
 NR
 Meningoencephalitis
 NR
 6
 Lymphocyte (92)
 38
 60
(15)
 70/F
 NR
 Encephalopathy, lacunar infarct
 NR
 0
 NA
 34.7
 130.2
(16) 41/M NR Encephalitis, seizure NR 4 NR 36 71

*Bold font indicates values above reference ranges. IC, immunocompetent; ICU, intensive care unit; IS, immunosuppressed; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported; OMA, opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia. †Protein and glucose values were categorized as high according to reference ranges provided in the respective reports, when available. In adults, protein levels should be <50 mg/dL and glucose ranges from 36–101 mg/dL (2.0–5.6 mmol/L).

Main Article

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Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

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Page updated: May 29, 2026
Page reviewed: May 29, 2026
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