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Volume 4, Number 1—March 1998
Perspective

Risk for Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases in Central and South America

Gabriel A. Schmunis, Fabio Zicker, Francisco Pinheiro, and David Brandling-Bennett
Author affiliations: Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., USA

Main Article

Table 2

Probability of receiving an infected transfusion P(R)a and probability of getting a transfusion-transmitted infection P(I)b, by countryc

HIV (x104)
HBV (x104)
HCV (x104)
T. cruzi (x104)
Country P(R) P(I) P(R) P(I) P(R) P(I) P(R) P(I)
Bolivia 0.64 0.57 17.27 12.95 NSPd NSP 1096.38 219.28
Chile 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.20 46.46 41.82 29.36 5.87
Colombia 0.24 0.22 1.20 0.90 74.55 67.09 124.24 24.85
Costa Rica 0.00 0.00 0.45x 0.34 NSP NSP NSP NSP
Ecuador 1.05 0.95 4.52 3.39 10.33 9.38 10.29 2.06
El Salvador 0.00 0.00 3.23 2.42 18.87 16.97 88.75 17.75
Guatemala 0.00 0.00 14.28 10.71 55.26 49.74 36.75 7.35
Honduras 0.00 0.00 4.49 3.37 3.97 3.57 13.02x 2.60
Nicaragua 0.00 0.00 18.95 14.21 22.70 20.43 10.48 2.10
Paraguay 0.00 0.00 9.32 6.99 NSP NSP 62.37 12.47
Peru 0.00 0.00 0.87x 0.65 20.62 18.56 247.80 49.56
Venezuela 0.00 0.00 1.45x 1.09 71.35 64.21 13.86 x 2.77

aP(R) = probability of receiving an infected transfusion = prevalence of infection x 1- level of screening; xfor countries in which reported screening level was 100%, a residual P(R) was estimated as prevalence x 1- screening sensitivity rate x 10,000.
bP(I) = probability of getting a transfusion-transmitted infection = P(R) x infectivity index (infectivity indexes used were HIV=90%; HBV=75%; HCV=90%; T.cruzi=20%). For calculations of P(R) and P(I) the prevalence was corrected taking into account the sensitivity of the screening.
cData from 1993, except for Ecuador and Paraguay, which were for 1994.
dNo screening performed, so P(R) and P(I) not known.

Main Article

Page created: December 16, 2010
Page updated: December 16, 2010
Page reviewed: December 16, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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