Volume 5, Number 6—December 1999
Research
Epidemiologic Studies of Cyclospora cayetanensis in Guatemala
Caryn Bern*†
, Beatriz Hernandez†, Maria Beatriz Lopez†, Michael J. Arrowood*, Maricruz Alvarez de Mejia†, Ana Maria de Merida†, Allen W. Hightower*, Linda Venczel‡, Barbara L. Herwaldt*, and Robert E. Klein†
, Beatriz Hernandez†, Maria Beatriz Lopez†, Michael J. Arrowood*, Maricruz Alvarez de Mejia†, Ana Maria de Merida†, Allen W. Hightower*, Linda Venczel‡, Barbara L. Herwaldt*, and Robert E. Klein†
Table 3
Univariate analysis of factors associated with risk for Cyclospora infection among 69 cases and 120 controls in Guatemala
| Proportion (na/Nb [%]) with characteristic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Cases | Controls | OR (95% CI) |
| High-risk water sourcec | 18/69 (26) | 15/120 (13) | 2.5 (1.1, 5.9) |
| Drank untreated waterd,e | 62/68 (91) | 88/120 (73) | 3.8 (1.4, 10.8) |
| Drank river or spring watere | 12/68 (18) | 8/120 (7) | 3.0 (1.1, 8.9) |
| Swam in river or springe | 10/68 (15) | 6/120 (5) | 3.3 (1.0, 11.5) |
| Contact with soile | 54/69 (78) | 73/120 (61) | 2.3 (1.1, 4.9) |
| Septic tank vs. municipal drainage | 33/69 (49) | 39/120 (33) | 2.0 (1.0, 3.8) |
| Any animals in household | 53/69 (77) | 74/120 (62) | 2.1 (1.0, 4.3) |
| Dog | 38/69 (55) | 47/120 (39) | 1.9 (1.0, 3.7) |
| Chickens | 35/69 (51) | 40/120 (33) | 2.1 (1.1, 4.0) |
| Other poultry or birds | 22/69 (32) | 20/120 (17) | 2.3 (1.1, 5.0) |
| Any poultry or birds | 40/69 (58) | 49/120 (41) | 2.0 (1.1, 3.6) |
an represents the number positive for Cyclospora.
bN represents the number of specimens in each category.
cHigh-risk water sources defined as public standpipe, well, spring, water truck. Low-risk defined as municipal water piped into house or commercial bottled water.
dUntreated water defined as water that was not commercially bottled and had not been boiled, chlorinated, or filtered before drinking.
eIn the last 2 weeks.
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