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Volume 6, Number 5—October 2000
Research
Testing Umbilical Cords for Funisitis due to Treponema pallidum Infection, Bolivia
Jeannette Guarner*
, Karen Southwick*, Patricia Greer*, Jeanine Bartlett*, Martha Fears*, Ana Santander†, Stanley Blanco†, Victoria Pope*, William Levine*, and Sherif R. Zaki*
, Karen Southwick*, Patricia Greer*, Jeanine Bartlett*, Martha Fears*, Ana Santander†, Stanley Blanco†, Victoria Pope*, William Levine*, and Sherif R. Zaki*
Table 1
Inflammation, necrosis, and treponemes in umbilical cords from infants with congenital syphilis, Bolivia
| Specimens with | Specimens without | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| treponemes: | treponemes: | Odds ratio | ||
| Umbilical cord | Histologic | No. pos. /No. tested | No. pos. /No. tested | (95% confidence |
| structure | parameter | (%) (N = 9) | (%) (N = 79) | intervals) |
| Umbilical arterya | Acute inflammation | 3/8 (38) | 6/78 (8) | 7.2 (1.0-49) |
| Chronic inflammation | 3/8 (38) | 4/78 (5) | 11.1 (1.5-89) | |
| Necrosis | 2/8 (25) | 0/78 (0) | undefinedb | |
| Normal | 3/8 (38) | 65/78 (83) | 0.1 (0.0-0.4) | |
| Umbilical vein | Acute inflammation | 7/9 (78) | 15/78 (19) | 14.7 (2.4-115) |
| Chronic inflammation | 5/9 (56) | 5/78 (6) | 18.3 (3.0-125) | |
| Necrosis | 5/9 (56) | 0/78 (0) | undefinedc | |
| Normal | 1/9 (11) | 50/78 (64) | 0.1 (0.0-0.6) | |
| Wharton's jelly | Acute inflammation | 8/9 (89) | 12/79 (15) | 44.7 (4.8-1,043) |
| Chronic inflammation | 5/9 (56) | 4/79 (5) | 23.4 (3.6-178) | |
| Normal | 1/9 (11) | 6/79 (8) | 0.03 (0.0-0.3) |
aThe umbilical artery was missing in two specimens, and the umbilical vein was missing in another. bp=0.01 c<0.001
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