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Volume 7, Number 4—August 2001
THEME ISSUE
West Nile Virus
West Nile Virus

Crow Deaths as a Sentinel Surveillance System for West Nile Virus in the Northeastern United States, 1999

Millicent Eidson*, Nicholas Komar†, Faye Sorhage‡, Randall Nelson§, Tom Talbot*, Farzad Mostashari¶, Robert McLean#, and the West Nile Virus Avian Mortality Surveillance Group
Author affiliations: *New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA; †Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA; ‡New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Trenton, New Jersey, USA; §Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA; ¶New York City Department of Health, New York City, New York, USA; #National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Main Article

Figure 4

Christmas bird count, number of American Crows reported, adjusted for party-hours, 1995-1999, New York City area (8).

Figure 4. . Christmas bird count, number of American Crows reported, adjusted for party-hours, 1995-1999, New York City area (8).

Main Article

References
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  3. Work  TH, Hurlbut  HS, Taylor  RM. Indigenous wild birds of the Nile Delta as potential West Nile virus circulating reservoirs. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1955;4:872–88.PubMedGoogle Scholar
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  8. National Audubon Society Christmas Bird Count. Available from: URL: http://www.birdsource.org/cbc
  9. Lanciotti  RS, Kerst  AJ, Nasci  RS, Godsey  MS, Mitchell  CJ, Savage  HM, Rapid detection of West Nile virus from human clinical specimens, field-collected mosquitoes, and avian samples by a TaqMan reverse transcriptase-PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38:4066–7.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Taylor  RM, Work  TH, Hurlbut  HS, Rizk  F. A study of the ecology of West Nile virus in Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1956;5:579–620.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Nash  D, Mostashari  F, Fine  A, Miller  J, O'Leary  D, Murray  K, Outbreak of West Nile virus infection, New York City area, 1999. N Engl J Med. 2001. In press. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Steele  KE, Linn  MJ, Schoepp  RJ, Komar  N, Geisbert  TW, Manduca  RM, Pathology of fatal West Nile virus infections in native and exotic birds during the 1999 outbreak in New York City. J Vet Pathol. 2000;37:208–24. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

1Ward Stone, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; Madhu Anand, Rockland County (NY) Department of Health; Annie Fine, Nancy Jeffery, New York City Department of Health; Ada Huang, Christine Falco, Westchester County (NY) Department of Health; Steve Kopian, Nassau County (NY) Department of Health; Clare Bradley, Suffolk County (NY) Department of Health Services; Kate Schmit, Amy Willsey, Yoichiro Hagiwara, Dennis White, Barbara Wallace, Perry Smith, Hwa-Gan Chang, New York State Department of Health; local and county agencies in New Jersey and Connecticut; Eddy Bresnitz, Colin Campbell, New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services; Doug Roscoe, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection; Theodore Andreadis, John Anderson, Charles Vossbrinck, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station; James Hadler, Connecticut Department of Public Health; Herbert Van Kruiningen, Antonio Garmendia, Richard French, University of Connecticut; Jenny Dickson, Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection; Lou Sileo, National Wildlife Health Center; and Amy Kerst, Robert Lanciotti, Nicholas A. Panella, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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