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Volume 9, Number 11—November 2003
Research

Fluoroquinolones and the Risk for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitalized Patients1

Stephen G. Weber*Comments to Author , Howard S. Gold*, David C. Hooper†, A.W. Karchmer*, and Yehuda Carmeli*
Author affiliations: *Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; †Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Main Article

Table 1

Results of univariate analysis for MRSA casesa

Risk factor
Uncolonized (n = 343)
MRSA cases (n = 222)
no.
%
no.
%
OR (95% CI)
p value
Demographic
Male
137
39.9
126
56.8
1.84 (1.27 to 2.67)
0.001
Age
mean = 57.6 y
mean = 66.2 y

<0.001
<50
131
38.2
39
17.6


51–75
137
39.9
110
49.5
2.39 (1.50 to 3.83)
<0.001
>75
75
21.9
73
32.9
2.86 (1.70 to 4.79)
<0.001
Coexisting condition






Cardiovascular disease
186
54.2
156
70.3
1.77 (1.20 to 2.31)
0.004
Lung disease
57
16.6
130
58.6
6.74 (4.43 to 10.26)
<0.001
Renal disease
30
8.7
46
20.7
2.02 (1.17 to 3.47)
0.01
Hepatic disease
17
5.0
28
12.6
2.43 (1.23 to 4.79)
0.01
Organ transplant
4
1.2
2
0.9
0.52 (0.08 to 3.36)
0.49
AIDS
5
1.5
4
1.8
1.25 (0.30 to 5.14)
0.76
Malignancy
54
15.7
32
14.4
0.98 (0.59 to 1.64)
0.94
Diabetes mellitus
67
19.5
56
25.2
1.26 (0.81 to 1.96)
0.31
Hospital factors






Transfer
32
9.3
53
23.9
2.88 (1.71 to 4.83)
<0.001
Surgical procedure
148
43.1
96
43.2
0.74 (0.51 to 1.09)
0.12
ICU stay
54
15.7
144
64.9
7.66 (5.01 to 11.71)
<0.001
Intravenous line
59
17.2
80
36.0
2.06 (1.38 to 3.16)
<0.001
Emergent admission
149
43.4
136
61.3
2.20 (1.51 to 3.21)
<0.001
Admission service






Medical
174
50.7
154
69.4


Obstetrical
62
18.1
2
0.9
0.05 (0.01 to 0.21)
<0.001
Surgical
107
31.2
66
29.7
0.74 (0.49 to 1.10)
0.14
Antimicrobial drugs






Any fluoroquinolone
72
21.0
150
67.6
5.41 (3.60 to 8.11)
<0.001
Levofloxacin
42
12.2
109
49.1
5.36 (3.45 to 8.32)
<0.001
Ciprofloxacin
34
9.9
62
27.9
2.16 (1.31 to 3.56)
0.002
Vancomycin
36
10.5
94
42.3
3.98 (2.49 to 6.34)
<0.001
Penicillin
36
10.5
56
25.2
2.08 (1.26 to 3.45)
0.004
β-lactam and inhibitor
5
1.5
13
5.9
2.74 (0.88 to 8.46)
0.08
First-generation cephalosporin
77
22.4
45
20.3
0.77 (0.49 to 1.21)
0.25
Third-generation cephalosporin
28
8.2
74
33.3
3.66 (2.18 to 6.13)
<0.001
Carbapenem
3
0.9
7
3.2
1.63 (0.37 to 7.10)
0.52
Clindamycin
9
2.6
32
14.4
5.36 (2.39 to 12.01)
<0.001
Metronidazole 42 12.2 104 46.8 4.20 (2.70 to 6.55) <0.001

aAll results adjusted for time at risk. MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ICU, intensive care unit.

Main Article

1This study was presented in part at the 42nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Sand Diego, California, September 2002.

Page created: January 21, 2011
Page updated: January 21, 2011
Page reviewed: January 21, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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