Volume 9, Number 3—March 2003
Research
Experimental Infection of North American Birds with the New York 1999 Strain of West Nile Virus
Nicholas Komar*
, Stanley Langevin*, Steven Hinten*, Nicole M. Nemeth*†, Eric Edwards*†, Danielle L. Hettler*†, Brent S. Davis*, Richard A. Bowen†, and Michel L. Bunning*‡
, Stanley Langevin*, Steven Hinten*, Nicole M. Nemeth*†, Eric Edwards*†, Danielle L. Hettler*†, Brent S. Davis*, Richard A. Bowen†, and Michel L. Bunning*‡
Table 5
West Nile virus cage mate transmission trialsa
| Species | No. of cages | No. of mosquito- exposed birds | No. of contact exposed cage mates | No. of transmissions (individuals) | No. of transmissions (cages) | Cage transmission rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mallard |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Northern Bobwhite |
1 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Japanese Quail |
1 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| American Coot |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Ring-billed Gull |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1.0 |
| Mourning Dove |
3 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rock Dove |
6 |
6 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Monk Parakeet |
3 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Budgerigar |
3 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Blue Jay |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1.0 |
| Black-billed Magpie |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
0.7 |
| American Crow |
4 |
8 |
5 |
5 |
4 |
1.0 |
| Fish Crow |
4 |
8 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| American Robin |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| European Starling |
2 |
6 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Common Grackle |
6 |
6 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| House Finch |
1 |
2 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| House Sparrow | 2 | 6 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
aUninfected birds (contact-exposed group) were placed within cages containing birds (of the same species) that were infected by mosquito bite (mosquito-exposed group). Transmission to uninfected cage mates was determined by development of viremia or seroconversion.
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