Volume 13, Number 7—July 2007
Letter
Zoonotic Pathogens in Ixodes scapularis, Michigan
Sarah A. Hamer*
, Pamela L. Roy*, Graham J. Hickling†, Edward D. Walker*, Erik S. Foster‡, Christina C. Barber*, and Jean I. Tsao*
, Pamela L. Roy*, Graham J. Hickling†, Edward D. Walker*, Erik S. Foster‡, Christina C. Barber*, and Jean I. Tsao*
Table
Prevalence of 3 pathogens in Ixodes scapularis ticks from 2 Michigan field sites, spring 2006*
| Site | Life stage | No. I. scapularis | No. ticks infected or co-infected (%) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Borrelia burgdorferi | Anaplasma phagocytophilum | Babesia odocoilei | B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum | B. burgdorferi and B. odocoilei | |||
| E-1 | A | 16 | 9 (56.3) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (6.3) | 0 |
| E-2 | A | 12 | 8 (66.7) | 3 (25.0) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (8.3) | 1 (8.3) |
| N | 1 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| I-1 | A | 4 | 2 (50.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| N | 2 | 0 | 1 (50.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| I-2 | A | 18 | 9 (50.0) | 0 | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 1 (5.6) |
| N | 8 | 2 (25.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (12.5) | 0 | |
| I-3 | A | 69 | 32 (46.4) | 1 (1.4) | 3 (4.3) | 0 | 3 (4.3) |
| All endemic sites | A | 28 | 17 (60.7) | 4 (14.3) | 2 (7.1) | 2† (7.1) | 1† (3.6) |
| N | 1 | 1 (100) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| All invaded sites | A | 91 | 43 (47.3) | 1 (1.1) | 4 (4.4) | 0 | 4‡ (4.4) |
| N | 10 | 2 (20.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0 | 1† (10.0) | 0 | |
*E, endemic site; A, adult: N, nymph; I, invaded site.
†Nonsignificant level of co-infection; p = 0.378–0.640, by Fisher exact test.
‡Significant level of co-infection; p = 0.046, by Fisher exact test.
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