Volume 9, Number 4—April 2003
Research
Hepatitis E Virus Epidemiology in Industrialized Countries
Pilar Clemente-Casares*, Sonia Pina*, Maria Buti†, Rosend Jardi†, Margarita Martín‡, Sílvia Bofill-Mas*, and Rosina Girones*
Table 2
Summary of results of HEV and HAV found in urban sewage samplesa
| Site | Period of sampling | Positive HEV samples/total analyzed | Positive HAV samples/total analyzed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Barcelona, Spain |
October–November 1994 |
0/2 |
1/2 |
| May–June 1995 |
0/2 |
1/2 |
|
| February–April 1996 |
1/2 |
1/2 |
|
| September–October 1997 |
0/3 |
2/3 |
|
| January 1998 |
0/1 |
1/1 |
|
| March–April 1999 |
1/2 |
2/2 |
|
| June–December 2000 |
2/15 |
13/15 |
|
| January 2001–January 2002 |
16/19 |
NT |
|
| Total (for Barcelona) |
20/46 (43.5%)b |
21/27 (77.8%)b |
|
| Nancy, France |
March 1998 |
1/4 |
3/4 |
| Umeå, Sweden |
September–October 1997 |
0/4 |
1/4 |
| Patras, Greece |
June–July 1999 |
0/5 |
1/4 |
| Washington, D.C., United States | December 1999 | 1/5 | 5/5 |
aHEV, Hepatitis E virus; HAV, Hepatitis A virus; NT, not tested.
b% of positive samples.
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