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Volume 10, Number 10—October 2004

Research

Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Clones, Spain

Adela G. de la Campa*Comments to Author , Luz Balsalobre*, Carmen Ardanuy†, Asunción Fenoll*, Emilio Pérez-Trallero‡, Josefina Liñares†, and the Spanish Pneumococcal Infection Study Network G03/103
Author affiliations: *Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain; †Hospital de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; ‡Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain

Main Article

Figure

Genetic organization of the parE–parC region of Streptococcus pneumoniae mosaic strains and nucleotide sequence variations in the ParC, ParE, and GyrA quinolone resistance-determining regions. A) Structure as deduced from Southern blot experiments and nucleotide sequence analyses. E, EcoRV; N, NcoI. The parE and parC genes with a mosaic structure are shown with striped arrows. B) Nucleotides present at each polymorphic site are shown for strain R6, but only sites that differ are shown for the ot

Figure. Genetic organization of the parE–parC region of Streptococcus pneumoniae mosaic strains and nucleotide sequence variations in the ParC, ParE, and GyrA quinolone resistance-determining regions. A) Structure as deduced from Southern blot experiments and nucleotide sequence analyses. E, EcoRV; N, NcoI. The parE and parC genes with a mosaic structure are shown with striped arrows. B) Nucleotides present at each polymorphic site are shown for strain R6, but only sites that differ are shown for the other strains. Amino acid changes involved in fluoroquinolone resistance are shown in boldface and underlined. Codon numbers are indicated in vertical format above the sequences. Positions 1, 2, and 3 in the fourth row refer to the first, second, and third nucleotides in the codon.

Main Article

1Spanish Pneumococcal Infection Study Network—general coordination: Román Pallarés; participants and centers: Ernesto García (Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid); Julio Casal, Asuncion Fenoll, Adela G. de la Campa (Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid); Emilio Bouza, (Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Madrid); Fernando Baquero (Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid); Francisco Soriano, José Prieto (Fundación Jiménez Díaz y Hospital Clínico, Madrid); Román Pallarés, Josefina Liñares (Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona); Javier Garau, Javier Martínez Lacasa (Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Barcelona); Cristina Latorre (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona); Emilio Pérez-Trallero, Alberto González (Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian); Juan García de Lomas (Hospital Clínico, Valencia); and Ana Fleites (Hospital Central de Asturias).

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