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Volume 10, Number 11—November 2004
THEME ISSUE
ICEID & ICWID 2004
International Conference on Women and Infectious Diseases (ICWID)

Women and Autoimmune Diseases

DeLisa Fairweather*Comments to Author  and Noel R. Rose*
Author affiliations: *Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Main Article

Figure 6

Sex hormones increase myocarditis in female and male mice by increasing interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the heart. Susceptible female (A,C) and male (B,D) BALB/c mice underwent gonadectomy (Fem op/Male op) and were compared to sham-operated controls (Fem sham/Male sham) for the level of myocarditis (% inflammation) and cytokines (pg/g) in the heart after CB3 infection. CB3 myocarditis was assessed for (A) female mice and (B) male mice after the operation. Data are

Figure 6. Sex hormones increase myocarditis in female and male mice by increasing interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels in the heart. Susceptible female (A,C) and male (B,D) BALB/c mice underwent gonadectomy (Fem op/Male op) and were compared to sham-operated controls (Fem sham/Male sham) for the level of myocarditis (% inflammation) and cytokines (pg/g) in the heart after CB3 infection. CB3 myocarditis was assessed for (A) female mice and (B) male mice after the operation. Data are represented as the mean ± standard error of the mean. *, p < 0.05.

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