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Volume 10, Number 6—June 2004
Dispatch

Reference Group Choice and Antibiotic Resistance Outcomes

Keith S. Kaye*Comments to Author , John J. Engemann*, Essy Mozaffari†, and Yehuda Carmeli‡
Author affiliations: *Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; †Pfizer, New York, New York, USA; ‡Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Main Article

Table 2

Outcomes and adjusted analyses for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in study 2

Outcome Cases Controls Adjusted analyses
ORa Attributable to VRE p value
Three analyses comparing VRE and uninfected controls
 (n = 99)
 (n = 280)
Deaths
 12.1%
 6.1%
 2.0b
 –
 0.13
Length of stay (d), mean per case
 15.2
 8.5
 1.8c
 6.2
 <0.001
Charges ($), mean per case
 46,660
 27,224
 1.5d
 13,884
 <0.001
Three analyses comparing VRE and vancomycin-susceptible enterococci (VSE) controls
 (n = 99)
 (n = 213)
Deaths
 12.1%
 6.6%
 2.5e
 –
 0.04
Length of stay (d), mean per case
 15.2
 13.6
 1.0f
 –
 0.5
Charges ($), mean per case 46,600 31,915 1.4g 12,766 <0.001

aOdds ratio for deaths, and multiplicative effect (ME) for continuous outcomes (length of stay and charges).
bAdjusted for number of comorbid illnesses and admission to the intensive care unit (ICU).
cAdjusted for propensity score [i.e., likelihood of being a VRE case (Appendix)], being transferred from another institution, renal disease, malignancy, and admission to the ICU.
dAdjusted for propensity score (i.e. likelihood of being a VRE case), having had surgery before cohort inclusion, and duration of hospitalization before cohort inclusion.
eAdjusted for surgery, sex, and admission to the ICU.
fAdjusted for duration of hospitalization before cohort inclusion, admission to the ICU, and malignancy.
gAdjusted for having had surgery before inclusion in the cohort, and duration of hospitalization before cohort inclusion.

Main Article

Page created: February 22, 2011
Page updated: February 22, 2011
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