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Volume 10, Number 6—June 2004
Dispatch

Reference Group Choice and Antibiotic Resistance Outcomes

Keith S. Kaye*Comments to Author , John J. Engemann*, Essy Mozaffari†, and Yehuda Carmeli‡
Author affiliations: *Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; †Pfizer, New York, New York, USA; ‡Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Main Article

Table 1

Outcomes and adjusted analyses for MRSA for study 1a

Outcome Cases Controls Adjusted analyses
OR (95% CI)b Attributable to MRSA p value
Three analyses comparing MRSA and uninfected controls
 (n = 121)
 (n = 193)
Deaths
 20.7%
 2.1%
 11.4 (2.8 to 34.9)c
 –
 <0.001
Hospital days after surgery, mean per case
 29.1
 6.1
 3.2 (2.7 to 3.7)d
 13.4
 <0.001
Charges ($), mean/case
 118,414
 34,395
 2.2 (2.0 to 2.6)e
 41,274
 <0.001
Three analyses comparing MRSA and MSSA controls
 (n = 121)
 (n = 165)
Deaths
 20.7%
 6.7%
 3.4f
 –
 0.003
Hospital days after infection, mean per case
 22.0
 13.2
 1.2g
 2.6
 0.11
Charges ($), mean per case 118,414 73,165 1.2h 13,901 0.03

aOR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus.
bOdds ratio for deaths, and multiplicative effect (ME) for continuous outcomes (length of stay and charges).
cAdjusted for American Society of Anesthesiologists-Physical Status (ASA) score >3 and age.
dAdjusted for ASA score, duration of surgery, hospital, renal disease, diabetes and length of hospital stay before surgery.
eAdjusted for ASA score, hospital, duration of surgery, renal disease, length of hospital stay, and intensive care unit (ICU) stay before surgery.
fAdjusted for ASA score >3, duration of surgery, and age.
gAdjusted for ASA score, renal disease, diabetes mellitus, hospital, duration of surgery, and length of stay before infection.
hAdjusted for ASA score, duration of surgery, length of hospital and ICU stay before infection, hospital, renal disease and diabetes.

Main Article

Page created: February 22, 2011
Page updated: February 22, 2011
Page reviewed: February 22, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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