Volume 10, Number 8—August 2004
Research
Long-Term Prognosis for Clinical West Nile Virus Infection
Anne Labowitz Klee*, Beth Maldin*, Barbara Edwin*, Iqbal Poshni*, Farzad Mostashari*, Annie D. Fine*, Marcelle Layton*, and Denis Nash*†1
Table 3
Prevalence of signs and symptoms at intervals of follow-up in patients with clinical West Nile virus infection, New York City, 1999
| Sign or symptom | Before illness onseta (baseline), n/N (%) | Interview 1 (6 months), n/N (%) | Interview 2 (12 months), n/N (%) | Interview 3 (18 months), n/N (%) | p value for 12 months vs. baselineb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical sequelae | |||||
| Difficulty walking | 7/35 (20.0) | 30/38 (78.9) | 17/35 (48.6) | 15/36 (41.6) | 0.002 |
| Muscle weakness | 4/35 (11.5) | 25/38 (65.8) | 15/34 (44.1) | 20/36 (55.5) | < 0.001 |
| Fatigue | 12/35 (34.3) | 20/37 (54.1) | 22/33 (66.7) | 23/36 (63.8) | 0.002 |
| Insomnia | 7/35 (20.0) | 17/38 (44.7) | 16/34 (47.1) | 17/36 (47.2) | 0.007 |
| Muscle pain | 12/35 (34.3) | 14/37 (37.8) | 19/34 (55.9) | 14/36 (38.8) | 0.035 |
| Headache | 9/35 (25.7) | 13/37 (35.1) | 15/34 (44.1) | 13/36 (36.1) | 0.014 |
| Joint pain | 7/35 (20.0) | 12/38 (31.6) | 11/34 (32.3) | 11/36 (30.6) | 0.157 |
| Cognitive symptoms | |||||
| Memory loss | 7/35 (20.0) | 21/38 (55.3) | 17/34 (50.0) | 16/36 (44.5) | 0.002 |
| Loss of concentration | 3/35 (8.6) | 16/37 (42.2) | 14/34 (41.2) | 12/36 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
| Depressed | 5/35 (14.3) | 15/38 (39.5) | 13/34 (38.2) | 16/36 (44.4) | 0.005 |
| Irritable | 8/35 (22.9) | 14/38 (36.8) | 14/34 (41.2) | 14/36 (38.9) | 0.008 |
| Lightheaded | 4/35 (11.5) | 13/38 (34.2) | 17/33 (51.5) | 13/35 (37.1) | < 0.001 |
| Confusion | 2/35 (5.7) | 17/38 (44.8) | 9/34 (26.5) | 11/36 (30.6) | 0.008 |
| Functional sequelae | |||||
| Shopping | 4/33 (12.1) | 17/36 (47.2) | 14/33 (42.4) | 14/35 (40.0) | 0.002 |
| Meal preparation | 2/32 (6.3) | 22/31 (71.0) | 12/32 (37.5) | 12/34 (35.3) | < 0.001 |
| Laundry | 1/25 (4.0) | 14/29 (48.3) | 10/25 (40.0) | 10/33 (30.3) | 0.003 |
| Light housekeeping | 1/28 (3.6) | 19/35 (54.3) | 12/28 (42.9) | 12/35 (34.3) | < 0.001 |
| Heavy chores | 5/30 (11.9) | 19/33 (57.6) | 19/30 (63.3) | 19/34 (55.9) | 0.003 |
| Transportation | 3/29 (10.3) | 23/37 (62.2) | 10/28 (35.7) | 14/36 (38.9) | 0.008 |
aAssessed by recall at the 12-month follow-up interview.
bBased on McNemar’s test for agreement in a matched analysis.
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