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Volume 11, Number 2—February 2005
Research

Sporadic Cryptosporidiosis Decline after Membrane Filtration of Public Water Supplies, England, 1996–2002

Stella Goh*, Mark Reacher†Comments to Author , David P. Casemore‡, Neville Q. Verlander§, André Charlett§, Rachel M. Chalmers¶, Margaret Knowles#, Anthony Pennington*, Joy Williams*, Keith Osborn**, and Sarah Richards††
Author affiliations: *Carlisle and District Primary Care Trust, Carlisle, United Kingdom; †Health Protection Agency, Cambridge, United Kingdom; ‡University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales, United Kingdom; §Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, Colindale, London, United Kingdom; ¶Singleton Hospital, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom; #Cumberland Infirmary, Carlisle, United Kingdom; **United Utilities, Great Sankey, Warrington, United Kingdom; ††West Cumberland Hospital, Whitehaven, United Kingdom

Main Article

Table 4

Incidence of sporadic cryptosporidiosis by water source, March 1, 1996–August 31, 2002

Water source and time intervals* Membrane filtration (MF) Cases (n) Person-years Rate per 100,000 person-years 95% CI†
Crummock Lake
Before MF interval No 56 233,623 23.97 (18.11, 31.13)
After MF interval
Commissioning MF Yes 1 25,726 3.89 (0.10, 21.66)
Established MF pre-FMDE Yes 1 33,970 2.94 (0.07, 16.40)
Established MF and FMDE Yes 1 54,902 1.82 (0.05, 10.15)
Established MF and post-FMDE Yes 3 31,490 9.53 (1.96, 27.84)
Total after MF Yes 6 146,088 4.11 (1.51, 8.91)
Ennerdale Lake
Before MF interval No 43 191,053 22.51 (16.29, 30.32)
After MF interval
Commissioning MF Yes 0 20,258 0 (0, 18.21)
Established MF pre-FMDE Yes 1 27,223 3.67 (0.09, 20.47)
Established MF and FMDE Yes 2 46,387 4.31 (0.52, 15.57)
Established MF and post-FMDE Yes 0 26,606 0 (0, 13.86)
Total after MF yes 3 120,474 2.49 (0.51, 7.28)
Other sources
Before MF interval No 54 238,265 22.66 (17.03, 29.57)
After MF interval
Commissioning MF No 3 24,449 12.27 (2.53, 35.86)
Established MF pre-FMDE No 4 32,257 12.4 (3.38 , 31.75 )
Established MF and FMDE No 3 51,997 5.77 (1.19, 16.86)
Established MF and post-FMDE No 3 29,824 10.06 (2.07, 29.40)
Total after MF No 13 138,527 9.38 (5.00,16.05)

*Time intervals. pre-MF (membrane filtration) March 1, 1996–February 29, 2000; post-MF March 1, 2000–August 31, 2002. Post-MF comprises the following: commissioning MF, March 1, 2000–July 31, 2000; established MF before foot and mouth disease epidemic (FMDE), August 1, 2000–February 20, 2001; established MF and FMDE, February 21, 2001–January 20, 2002; established MF and post-FMDE, January 21, 2002–August31, 2002.
†CI, confidence intervals.

Main Article

Page created: April 17, 2012
Page updated: April 17, 2012
Page reviewed: April 17, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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