Volume 11, Number 5—May 2005
THEME ISSUE
Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Dengue Fever, Hawaii, 2001–2002
Paul V. Effler*
, Lorrin Pang*, Paul Kitsutani†, Vance Vorndam†, Michele Nakata*, Tracy Ayers*, Joe Elm*, Tammy Tom*, Paul Reiter†, José G. Rigau-Perez†, John M. Hayes†, Kristin Mills*, Mike Napier‡, Gary G. Clark†, Duane J. Gubler*, and for the Hawaii Dengue Outbreak Investigation Team
, Lorrin Pang*, Paul Kitsutani†, Vance Vorndam†, Michele Nakata*, Tracy Ayers*, Joe Elm*, Tammy Tom*, Paul Reiter†, José G. Rigau-Perez†, John M. Hayes†, Kristin Mills*, Mike Napier‡, Gary G. Clark†, Duane J. Gubler*, and for the Hawaii Dengue Outbreak Investigation Team
Table 2
Clinical signs and symptoms of persons evaluated for dengue during the Hawaii outbreak, 2001–2002
| Characteristic | Dengue infection status |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive, % (n/N) | Negative, % (n/N) | Indeterminate, % (n/N) | |
| Female sex | 43 (52/122) | 52 (567/1,100) | 45 (201/444) |
| Nonhemorrhagic manifestations | |||
| Fever* | 95 (114/120) | 91 (964/1,062) | 91 (387/427) |
| Myalgia*† | 92 (106/115) | 80 (816/1,023) | 73 (290/397) |
| Headache* | 90 (104/116) | 87 (881/1,014) | 83 (330/399) |
| Chills*† | 85 (100/117) | 73 (727/993) | 63 (240/381) |
| Arthralgia*† | 76 (85/112) | 62 (592/954) | 53 (196/370) |
| Rash*† | 68 (79/117) | 36 (360/999) | 30 (121/400) |
| Eye/retroorbital pain* | 60 (68/114) | 53 (489/931) | 46 (164/359) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 50 (59/119) | 53 (524/995) | 52 (207/400) |
| Diarrhea | 33 (39/118) | 34 (331/971) | 31 (122/394) |
| Sore throat† | 23 (27/117) | 35 (337/957) | 33 (125/378) |
| Nasal congestion† | 22 (26/119) | 35 (337/965) | 29 (110/381) |
| Cough† | 21 (25/118) | 43 (415/975) | 37 (146/392) |
| Jaundice | 5 (5/108) | 3 (26/898) | 1 (5/359) |
| Hemorrhagic manifestations | |||
| Petechiae† | 24 (28/118) | 8 (73/928) | 4 (15/378) |
| Heavy menses | 12 (6/49) | 6 (27/486) | 3 (6/175) |
| Epistaxis | 8 (9/113) | 5 (43/944) | 3 (12/382) |
| Bleeding gums | 8 (9/117) | 5 (47/947) | 2 (9/381) |
| Melena | 4 (4/111) | 4 (33/914) | 2 (6/380) |
| Hematuria | 1 (1/111) | 2 (22/930) | 3 (11/375) |
| Hematemesis | 1 (1/114) | 1 (13/932) | 1 (5/381) |
| Any hemorrhagic sign | 34 (42/122) | 20 (219/1,100) | 13 (59/444) |
| General | |||
| Met DLI clinical case criteria† | 89 (108/122) | 78 (853/1,100) | 70 (311/444) |
| Hospitalized† | 2 (3/122) | 12 (71/606) | 9 (21/246) |
*Nonhemorrhagic signs and symptoms included in the definition of denguelike illness (DLI) in this investigation.
†Denotes a significant difference in the proportion of respondents reporting the symptom between confirmed and negative or indeterminate infections.
1The Hawaii Dengue Outbreak Investigation Team included the authors plus Karen Mark, Steven Hinten, Melanie Myers, Robert Ueki, Gail Kunimoto, David Sasaki, Kathleen Street, and Manuel Amador.
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