Volume 11, Number 5—May 2005
THEME ISSUE
Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Dengue and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Leptospirosis during Dengue Outbreak, Bangladesh
Regina C. LaRocque*
, Robert F. Breiman†, Mary D. Ari‡, Roger E. Morey‡, Firdous Ara Janan§, John Mosely Hayes¶, M. Anowar Hossain†, W. Abdullah Brooks†, and Paul N. Levett‡
, Robert F. Breiman†, Mary D. Ari‡, Roger E. Morey‡, Firdous Ara Janan§, John Mosely Hayes¶, M. Anowar Hossain†, W. Abdullah Brooks†, and Paul N. Levett‡
Table 2
Clinical characteristics of dengue patients compared with those of leptospirosis patients, Dhaka, Bangladesh*
| Clinical characteristic | Dengue patients (n = 938) | Leptospirosis patients (n = 63) | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Symptom | |||
| Duration of fever (days) | 5.2 (1–40) | 5.8 (1–12) | 0.04 |
| Characteristic of fever | |||
| Continuous | 894 (95) | 53 (85) | 0.001 |
| Intermittent | 44 (5) | 9 (15) | |
| Rash | 562 (60) | 24 (39) | 0.001 |
| Headache | 846 (90) | 51 (82) | 0.05 |
| Myalgia | 836 (89) | 53 (85) | NS |
| Abdominal pain | 444 (47) | 24 (39) | NS |
| Pruritus | 202 (22) | 6 (11) | 0.05 |
| Rhinitis | 10 (1) | 3 (5) | 0.01 |
| Nausea | 899 (96) | 60 (97) | NS |
| Vomiting | 780 (83) | 52 (84) | NS |
| Diarrhea | 337 (38) | 23 (37) | NS |
| Physical finding | |||
| Temperature (°F) | 98.6 (94–106) | 101.4 (98–108) | <0.001 |
| Heart rate | 82 (48–160) | 90 (60–180) | 0.001 |
| Hepatomegaly | 79 (8) | 7 (11) | NS |
| Jaundice | 17 (2) | 3 (5) | NS |
| Petechial rash | 348 (38) | 12 (20) | 0.005 |
| Positive tourniquet test result (>20 petechiae/inch2) | 699 (75) | 20 (33) | <0.001 |
| Gum bleeding | 331 (35) | 12 (20) | 0.01 |
| Subconjunctival hemorrhage | 299 (32) | 31 (51) | 0.005 |
| Laboratory finding | |||
| Leukocyte count | 6.9 ± 5.3 | 7.0 ± 5.7 | NS |
| % Lymphocytes | 47 ± 14 | 31 ± 15 | <0.001 |
| Platelet count (×103/μmL) | 85 ± 74 | 128 ± 83 | <0.001 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 41 ± 5.8 | 37 ± 8 | <0.001 |
| Outcome of hospitalization | |||
| Recovered or left against medical advice | 918 (98.8) | 57 (95) | 0.048 |
| Death | 11 (1.2) | 3 (5) | |
*Data are median (range), no. (%), or mean ± SD.
†By Pearson chi-square test for categorical data and Mann-Whitney U test or analysis of variance for continuous data. NS, not significant.
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