Volume 13, Number 12—December 2007
Research
Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus of Animal Origin in Humans
Table 1
Results of univariate analysis of case-control study, the Netherlands, February 2007*
Variable | Cases |
Controls |
Odds ratio (95% CI)† | p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | No. (%) or mean ± SD with variable | No. | No. (%) or mean ± SD with variable | ||||
Gender (male) | 35 | 20 (57) | 76 | 36 (47) | 1.5 (0.7–3.3) | 0.34 | |
Age, y | 35 | 42.7 ± 25.3 | 76 | 47.3 ± 24.7 | 0.37 | ||
Residence | 35 | 75 | |||||
Rural area | 14 (40) | 6 (8) | 7.7 (2.6–22.7)§ | <0.01 | |||
Urban area | 20 (57) | 66 (85) | |||||
Foreign country |
1 (3) |
3 (4) |
|||||
Contact with pigs | 29 | 11 (38) | 63 | 3 (5) | 12.2 (3.1–48.6) | <0.01 | |
Contact with cattle | 29 | 7 (24) | 63 | 1 (2) | 19.7 (2.3–169.5) | <0.01 | |
Unexpected MRSA |
35 |
27 (77) |
76 |
34 (45) |
4.2 (1.7–10.4) |
<0.01 |
|
Probable source | 35 | 76 | |||||
Healthcare | 5 (14) | 39 (51) | 0.01 | ||||
Foreign country | 3 (9) | 5 (7) | |||||
Other | 12 (34) | 10 (13) | |||||
Unknown |
15 (43) |
22 (29) |
|||||
Active infection | 35 | 19 (54) | 76 | 29 (38) | 1.9 (0.9–4.3) | 0.11 | |
Skin/soft tissue | 10 (56) | 24 (83) | 0.3 (0.1–1.0) | 0.05 | |||
Airways | 3 (17) | 0 | |||||
Other | 6 (28) | 5 (17) | |||||
Hospital admission | 35 | 17 (49) | 76 | 24 (32) | 2.0 (0.9–4.6) | 0.08 | |
Hospital stay, d | 16 | 18.9 ± 20.2 | 22 | 23.5 ± 30.9 | 0.60 |
*SD, standard deviation; CI, confidence interval; No., number of cases or controls for whom data are available.
†Odds ratio was determined for rural area relative to urban area.