Volume 16, Number 3—March 2010
Research
Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Disease, Europe, 1996–2006
, Mary P.E. Slack, Paul T. Heath, Anne von Gottberg, Manosree Chandra, Mary E. Ramsay, and European Union Invasive Bacterial Infection Surveillance participants1
Table 3
Case-fatality rates for Hib and ncHi, by diagnosis and patient age group, Europe, 1996–2006*
| Diagnosis | Age group |
NR | Total | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 mo | 1–5 mo | 6–11 mo | <1 y | 1–4 y | 5–14 y | 15–44 y | 45–64 y | >65 y | |||
| Hib | |||||||||||
| Meningitis | 1/6 (16.7) | 3/93 (3.2) | 2/98 (2.0) | 6/197 (3.0) | 11/282 (3.9) | 4/45 (8.9) | 0/26 (0) | 1/17 (5.9) | 2/12 (16.7) | 0/1 (0) | 24/580 (4.1) |
| Epiglottitis | – | 0/1 (0) | 0/4 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 3/110 (2.7) | 1/29 (3.4) | 2/45 (4.4) | 2/37 (5.4) | 0/22 (0) | – | 8/248 (3.2) |
| Cellulitis | – | 0/7 (0) | 0/18 (0) | 0/25 (0) | 0/15 (0) | 0/3 (0) | – | 0/1 (0) | 0/4 (0) | – | 0/48 (0) |
| OM/SA | – | 0/4 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 0/9 (0) | 0/24 (0) | 0/4 (0) | 0/4 (0) | 0/6 (0) | 0/1 (0) | – | 0/48 (0) |
| Pneumonia | – | 0/3 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 0/8 (0) | 0/20 (0) | 0/15 (0) | 1/35 (2.9) | 1/36 (2.8) | 5/47 (10.6) | 1/1 (100) | 8/162 (4.9) |
| Bacteremia | 0/11 (0) | 2/33 (6.1) | 1/30 (3.3) | 3/74 (4.1) | 6/193 (3.1) | 2/73 (2.7) | 7/102 (6.9) | 4/96 (4.2) | 18/134 (13.4) | 1/2 (50.0) | 41/674 (6.1) |
| Other | – | 1/1 (100.0) | 0/2 (0) | 1/3 (33.3) | 1/10 (10.0) | 0/6 (0) | 2/10 (20.0) | 0/11 (0) | 0/7 (0) | – | 4/47 (8.5) |
| NR | 0/2 (0) | 0/12 (0) | 0/8 (0) | 0/22 (0) | 0/30 (0) | 0/21 (0) | 1/37 (2.7) | 1/37 (2.7) | 1/47 (2.1) | 0/4 (0) | 3/198 (1.5) |
| All cases |
1/19 (5.3) |
6/154 (3.9) |
3/170 (1.8) |
10/343 (2.9) |
21/684 (3.1) |
7/196 (3.6) |
13/259 (5.0) |
9/241 (3.7) |
26/274 (9.5) |
2/8 (25.0) |
88/2,005 (4.4) |
| ncHi | |||||||||||
| Meningitis | 0/8 (0) | 1/15 (6.7) | 1/19 (5.3) | 2/42 (4.8) | 4/76 (5.3) | 3/37 (8.1) | 0/65 (0) | 1/63 (1.6) | 2/45 (4.4) | 2/4 (50.0) | 14/332 (4.2) |
| Epiglottitis | 1/2 (50.0) | – | – | 1/2 (50.0) | 0/2 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 0/5 (0) | 0/3 (0) | – | 1/18 (5.6) |
| Cellulitis | – | – | 0/1 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 0/4 (0) | 0/5 (0) | – | – | 1/4 (25.0) | – | 1/14 (7.1) |
| OM/SA | – | – | – | – | 0/2 (0) | 0/1 (0) | 0/2 (0) | 0/2 (0) | 0/4 (0) | – | 0/11 (0) |
| Pneumonia | 3/10 (30.0) | 0/14 (0) | 1/11 (9.1) | 4/35 (11.4) | 4/39 (10.3) | 2/11 (18.2) | 4/34 (11.8) | 6/56 (10.7) | 40/226 (17.7) | – | 60/401 (15.0) |
| Bacteremia | 22/129 (17.1) | 18/53 (34.0) | 0/46 (0) | 40/228 (17.5) | 14/151 (9.3) | 2/74 (2.7) | 11/236 (4.7) | 22/218 (10.1) | 131/759 (17.3) | 2/10 (20.0) | 222/1,676 (13.2) |
| Other | 2/3 (66.7) | 6/8 (75.0) | 5/8 (62.5) | 13/19 (68.4) | 6/21 (28.6) | 1/5 (20.0) | 0/20 (0) | 0/9 (0) | 4/38 (10.5) | 1/2 (50.0) | 25/114 (21.9) |
| NR | 1/30 (3.3) | 5/20 (25.0) | 2/13 (15.4) | 8/63 (12.7) | 3/42 (7.1) | 0/19 (0) | 1/92 (1.1) | 7/111 (6.3) | 24/275 (8.7) | 0/4 (0) | 43/606 (7.1) |
| All cases | 29/182 (15.9) | 30/110 (27.3) | 9/98 (9.2) | 68/390 (17.4) | 31/337 (9.2) | 8/153 (5.2) | 16/454 (3.5) | 36/464 (7.8) | 202/1354 (14.9) | 5/20 (25.0) | 366/3,172 (11.5) |
*Pediatric cases only for Attiki, Greece (1996–2002); Germany (1998 onward); and Israel (1996 onward). Values are no. deaths/no. cases (case-fatality rate). Hib, Haemophilus influenzae type b; ncHi, noncapsulated H. influenzae; OM/SA, osteomyelitis/septic arthritis; NR, not recorded.
1European Union Invasive Bacterial Infection Surveillance participants: Peter McIntyre, Lyn Gilbert, Geoff Hogg (Australia); Reinhild Strauss, Sigrid Heuberger (Austria); Germaine Hanquet, Francoise Crokaert (Belgium); Pavla Krizova, Vera Lebedova (Czech Republic); Kåre Mølbak, Jens Jørgen Christensen (Denmark); Kuulo Kutsar, Unna Joks (Estonia); Elja Herva, Tarja Kaijalainen, Maija Leinonen, Petri Ruutu (Finland); Agnes Lepoutre, Henri Dabernat (France); Anette Siedler, Heinz-J. Schmitt (Germany); Marie Theodoridou, Anastasia Pangalis, Georgina Tzanakaki (Greece); Miklos Fuzi, Katalin Krisztalovics (Hungary); Thorolfur Gudnason, Hjordis Hardardottir (Iceland); Mary Cafferkey, Suzanne Cotter, Darina O'Flanagan (Republic of Ireland); Ron Dagan (Israel); Marina Cerquetti, Marta Ciofi degli Atti (Italy); Irina Lucenko (Latvia); Grazina Rimseliene, Snieguole Dauksiene (Lithuania); Pierette Huberty-Krau, Francois Schneider (Luxembourg); Jackie Maistre Melillo (Malta); Sabine de Greeff, Hester de Melker, Lodewijk Spanjaard (Netherlands); Hans Blystad, E. Arne Hoiby, Øistein Løvoll (Norway); Andrzej Zielinski, Waleria Hryniewicz, Anna Skoczynska, Marcin Kadlubowski (Poland); Laurinda Queirós, Paula Lavado (Portugal); Claire Cameron, Barbara Denham, Fiona Johnston (Scotland); Margareta Slacikova, Elena Novakova (Slovak Republic); Alenka Kraigher, Metka Paragi (Slovenia); Jose Campos, Javier Diez-Domingo (Spain); Rose-Marie Carlsson, Birgitta Henriques Normark (Sweden); Hans-Peter Zimmermann (Switzerland).