Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 16, Number 6—June 2010
Research

Rift Valley Fever during Rainy Seasons, Madagascar, 2008 and 2009

Soa Fy Andriamandimby, Armand Eugène Randrianarivo-Solofoniaina, Elisabeth M. Jeanmaire, Lisette Ravololomanana, Lanto Tiana Razafimanantsoa, Tsanta Rakotojoelinandrasana, Josette Razainirina, Jonathan Hoffmann, Jean-Pierre Ravalohery, Jean-Théophile Rafisandratantsoa, Pierre E. Rollin, and Jean-Marc Reynes1Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Institut Pasteur, Antananarivo, Madagascar (S.F. Andriamandimby, T. Rakotojoelinandrasana, J. Razainirina, J.Hoffmann, J.-P. Ravalohery, J.-T. Rafisandratantsoa, J.-M. Reynes); Ministère de la Santé et du Planning Familial, Antananarivo (A.E. Randrianarivo-Solofoniaina, L. Ravololomanana); Food and Agriculture Organization, Antananarivo (E.M. Jeanmaire); Ministère de l’Agriculture, d’Elevage et de la Pêche, Antananarivo, (L.T. Razafimanantsoa); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (P.E. Rollin); 1Current affiliation: Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon.

Main Article

Figure 2

Phylogenetic tree based on the entire small sequences from 33 Rift Valley fever virus strains described by Bird et al. (16), from 6 sequences representative of the Kenya 1, 1a, and 2 lineages described by Bird et al. (18), and from 1 Madagascar strain circulating in 1991 and 12 Madagascar strains circulating in 2008. Boostrap percentages (from 1,000 resamplings) are indicated at each node. ◆ indicates sequences from the 2006–2007 Kenya-1 lineage, ● indicates sequences from the 2006–2007 Kenya-1a

Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree based on the entire small sequences from 33 Rift Valley fever virus strains described by Bird et al. (16), from 6 sequences representative of the Kenya 1, 1a, and 2 lineages described by Bird et al. (18), and from 1 Madagascar strain circulating in 1991 and 12 Madagascar strains circulating in 2008. Boostrap percentages (from 1,000 resamplings) are indicated at each node. ◆ indicates sequences from the 2006–2007 Kenya-1 lineage, ● indicates sequences from the 2006–2007 Kenya-1a lineage, ▲ indicates sequences from the 2006–2007 Kenya 2 lineage, and ◇ indicates the 2008 Madagascar sequences. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

Download

Main Article

References
  1. Swanepoel  R, Coetzer  JAW. Rift Valley fever. In: Coetzer JAW, Thomson GR, Tustin RC, editors. Infectious diseases of livestock. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press; 2004. p. 1037–70.
  2. Davies  FG, Linthicum  KJ, James  AD. Rainfall and epizootic Rift Valley fever. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63:941–3.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Anyamba  A, Chretien  JP, Small  J, Tucker  CJ, Formenty  PB, Richardson  JH, Prediction of a Rift Valley fever outbreak. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009;106:955–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Mathiot  C, Ribot  JJ, Clerc  Y, Coulanges  P, Rasolofonirina  N. Rift valley fever and Zinga virus: a pathogenic arbovirus in man and animal new for Madagascar. Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 1984;51:125–33.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Morvan  J, Saluzzo  JF, Fontenille  D, Rollin  PE, Coulanges  P. Rift Valley fever on the east coast of Madagascar. Res Virol. 1991;142:475–82. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Morvan  J, Fontenille  D, Saluzzo  JF, Coulanges  P. Possible Rift Valley fever outbreak in man and cattle in Madagascar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991;85:108. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Morvan  J, Rollin  PE, Laventure  S, Rakotoarivony  I, Roux  J. Rift Valley fever epizootic in the central highlands of Madagascar. Res Virol. 1992;143:407–15. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. Morvan  J, Lesbordes  JL, Rollin  PE, Mouden  JC, Roux  J. First fatal human case of Rift Valley fever in Madagascar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992;86:320. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. World Health Organization. Outbreaks of Rift Valley fever in Kenya, Somalia and United Republic of Tanzania, December 2006–April 2007. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2007;82:169–78.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Madani  TA, Al-Mazrou  YY, Al-Jeffri  MH, Mishkhas  AA, Al-Rabeah  AM, Turkistani  AM, Rift Valley fever epidemic in Saudi Arabia: epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37:1084–92. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Reynes  JM, Laurent  A, Deubel  V, Telliam  E, Moreau  JP. The first epidemic of dengue hemorrhagic fever in French Guiana. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;51:545–53.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Sall  AA, Thonnon  J, Sene  OK, Fall  A, Ndiaye  M, Baudez  B, Single-tube and nested reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction for detection of Rift Valley fever virus in human and animal sera. J Virol Methods. 2001;91:85–92. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. Weidmann  M, Sanchez-Seco  MP, Sall  AA, Ly  PO, Thiongane  Y, Lô  MM, Rapid detection of important human pathogenic phleboviruses. J Clin Virol. 2008;41:138–42. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Sall  AA, Zanotto  PM, Sene  OK, Zeller  HG, Digoutte  JP, Thiongane  Y, Genetic reassortment of Rift Valley fever virus in nature. J Virol. 1999;73:8196–200.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Rozen  S, Skaletsky  H. Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers. Methods Mol Biol. 2000;132:365–86.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Bird  BH, Khristova  ML, Rollin  PE, Ksiazek  TG, Nichol  ST. Complete genome analysis of 33 ecologically and biologically diverse Rift Valley fever virus strains reveals widespread virus movement and low genetic diversity due to recent common ancestry. J Virol. 2007;81:2805–16. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  17. Tamura  K, Dudley  J, Nei  M, Kumar  S. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol. 2007;24:1596–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. Bird  BH, Githinji  JW, Macharia  JM, Kasiiti  JL, Muriithi  RM, Gacheru  SG, Multiple virus lineages sharing recent common ancestry were associated with a large Rift Valley fever outbreak among livestock in Kenya during 2006–2007. J Virol. 2008;82:11152–66. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  19. Fontenille  D. Arbovirus transmission cycles in Madagascar. Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 1989;55:1–317.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  20. Morvan  J, Fontenille  D, Digoutte  JP, Coulanges  P. The Wesselsbron virus, a new arbovirus for Madagascar [in French]. Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar. 1990;57:183–92.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. Morvan  JM, Digoutte  JP, Marsan  P, Roux  JF. Ilesha virus: a new aetiological agent of haemorrhagic fever in Madagascar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1994;88:205. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  22. Ratsitorahina  M, Harisoa  J, Ratovonjato  J, Biacabe  S, Reynes  JM, Zeller  H, Outbreak of dengue and chikungunya fevers, Toamasina, Madagascar, 2006. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;14:1135–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  23. Food and Agriculture Organization. Possible RVF activity in the Horn of Africa. Empres watch. November 2006 [cited 2009 Jun 10]. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/011/aj218e/aj218e00.pdf
  24. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Madagascar and potential risks to neighbouring countries. Empres watch. April 2008 [cited 2009 Jun 10]. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/011/aj213e/aj213e00.pdf

Main Article

Page created: February 10, 2011
Page updated: February 10, 2011
Page reviewed: February 10, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external