Volume 18, Number 1—January 2012
Research
High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Swaziland, 2009–2010
Elisabeth Sanchez-Padilla
, Themba Dlamini, Alexandra Ascorra, Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes, Zerihun Demissie Tefera, Philippe Calain, Roberto de la Tour, Frauke Jochims, Elvira Richter, and Maryline Bonnet
, Themba Dlamini, Alexandra Ascorra, Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes, Zerihun Demissie Tefera, Philippe Calain, Roberto de la Tour, Frauke Jochims, Elvira Richter, and Maryline Bonnet
Table 2
Patterns of first-line drug resistance in new and previously treated case-patients with TB, Swaziland 2009–2010*
| Resistance pattern | New, n = 352 |
Previously treated, n = 281 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | 95% CI | No. (%) | 95% CI | ||
| Susceptible to all first-line drugs | 298 (84.7) | 80.9–88.4 | 142 (50.5) | 44.7–56.4 | |
| Any resistance | 54 (15.3) | 11.6–19.1 | 139 (49.5) | 43.6–55.3 | |
| Isoniazid | 47 (13.4) | 9.8–16.9 | 127 (45.2) | 39.4–51.0 | |
| Rifampin | 28 (8.0) | 5.1–10.8 | 102 (36.3) | 30.7–41.9 | |
| Ethambutol | 29 (8.2) | 5.4–11.1 | 94 (33.5) | 27.9–39.0 | |
| Streptomycin | 47 (13.4) | 9.8–16.9 | 115 (40.9) | 35.2–46.7 | |
| Monoresistance | 12 (3.4) | 1.5–5.3 | 24 (8.6) | 5.3–11.8 | |
| Isoniazid | 5 (1.4) | 0.2–2.7 | 12 (4.3) | 1.9–6.6 | |
| Rifampin | 1 (0.3) | 0.0–0.8 | 7 (2.5) | 0.7–4.3 | |
| Ethambutol | 0 | 0 | |||
| Streptomycin | 6 (1.7) | 0.4–3.1 | 5 (1.8) | 0.2–3.3 | |
| MDR | 27 (7.7) | 4.9–10.5 | 95 (33.8) | 28.3–39.3 | |
| Isoniazid + rifampin | 1 (0.3) | 0.0–0.8 | 3 (1.1) | 0.0–2.3 | |
| Isoniazid + rifampin + ethambutol | 0 | 2 (0.7) | 0.0–1.7 | ||
| Isoniazid + rifampin + streptomycin | 6 (1.7) | 0.4–3.1 | 12 (4.3) | 1.9–6.6 | |
| Isoniazid + rifampin + streptomycin + ethambutol | 20 (5.7) | 3.3–8.1 | 78 (27.8) | 22.5–33.0 | |
| Other first-line drug-resistance patterns different from MDR | 15 (4.3) | 2.2–6.4 | 20 (7.1) | 4.1–10.1 | |
| Isoniazid + streptomycin | 6 (1.7) | 0.4–3.1 | 6 (2.1) | 0.4–3.8 | |
| Isoniazid + streptomycin + ethambutol | 9 (2.6) | 0.9–4.2 | 14 (5.0) | 2.4–7.5 | |
*New case-patients were those not previously treated for TB or who had taken anti-TB drugs in the past for <1 month. TB, tuberculosis; MDR, multidrug resistant.
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