Volume 18, Number 10—October 2012
Dispatch
Visceral Leishmaniasis in Rural Bihar, India
Epco Hasker1
, Shri Prakash Singh1, Paritosh Malaviya, Albert Picado, Kamlesh Gidwani, Rudra Pratap Singh, Joris Menten, Marleen Boelaert, and Shyam Sundar
, Shri Prakash Singh1, Paritosh Malaviya, Albert Picado, Kamlesh Gidwani, Rudra Pratap Singh, Joris Menten, Marleen Boelaert, and Shyam Sundar
Table
Factors associated with visceral leishmaniasis, Bihar State, India, 2008–2010
| Factor |
No. (%) participants
|
Odds ratio* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total, N = 81,210 | Case-patients, n = 207 | ||
| Demographic characteristic | |||
|
Mushahar caste |
1,980 (2.4) | 32 (15.5) | 2.9 (1.3–6.8) |
|
Age group, y |
|||
|
0–4 |
12,787 (15.8) | 20 (9.7) | Referent |
|
5–14 |
21,020 (25.9) | 79 (38.2) | 2.5 (1.5–4.0) |
|
15–24 |
14,282 (17.6) | 33 (15.9) | 1.7 (1.0–3.0) |
|
25–34 |
10,993 (13.5) | 31 (15.0) | 2.0 (1.1–3.5) |
|
35–44 |
8,462 (10.4) | 23 (11.1) | 1.9 (1.1–3.6) |
|
>45 |
13,666 (16.8) | 21 (10.1) | 1.2 (0.6–2.2) |
| Socioeconomic status, by assets index level | |||
|
Level 1, poorest |
16,515 (20.3) | 70 (33.8) | Referent |
|
Level 2 |
16,094 (19.8) | 58 (28.0) | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) |
|
Level 3 |
16,124 (19.8) | 31 (15.0) | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) |
|
Level 4 |
16,256 (20.0) | 35 (16.9) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) |
|
Level 5 |
16,221 (20.0) | 13 (6.3) | 0.5 (0.3–1.0) |
| Other | |||
|
Ownership of goats |
25,703 (31.7) | 86 (41.6) | 1.4 (1.0–1.8) |
|
Bamboo tree at <10 m |
31,554 (38.9) | 86 (41.6) | 1.5 (1.1–2.0) |
| Type of walls | |||
|
Brick, plastered |
19,169 (23.6) | 15 (7.3) | Referent |
|
Brick, unplastered |
35,401 (43.6) | 96 (46.4) | 1.8 (1.0– 3.3) |
|
Thatched |
26,640 (32.8) | 96 (46.4) | 2.5 (1.3– 4.6) |
*Based on multivariate model with tolla of residence as random effect.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.
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