Volume 18, Number 3—March 2012
Dispatch
Hepatitis E Virus Infection in HIV-infected Persons
Table 2
Characteristics of HIV-positive US military beneficiaries with acute HEV infection at time of ALT increase, 1985–2009*
Patient | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, y | 34 | 35 | 35 | 33 | 44 | 41 | 30 |
Ethnicity | White | African-American | White | African-American | White | African-American | African-American |
Duty status | Active | Retired | Active | Retired | Retired | Retired | Retired |
Year of ALT increase | 2001 | 1995 | 2000 | 2006 | 1989 | 1996 | 1996 |
Clinical presentation | Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, pale stools, dark urine | Fever, malaise, anorexia, diarrhea, dark urine, icterus | Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, malaise | Jaundice | Abdominal pain | Asymp | Asymp |
Peak ALT, U/L | 489 | 2,540 | 282 | 2,829 | 229 | 477 | 226 |
AST, U/L | 354 | 988 | 174 | 4,273 | 209 | 508 | 130 |
Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 80 | 153 | 99 | 409 | 157 | 125 | 137 |
Total bilirubin, mg/dL |
3.2 |
5.0 |
1.9 |
5.3 |
1.6 |
0.5 |
1.2 |
Antibodies against | |||||||
Hepatitis B virus core antigen | Neg | Pos | Pos | Pos | Neg | Pos | Pos |
Hepatitis B virus surface antigen | Neg | Neg | Neg | Pos | Neg | Pos | Neg |
Hepatitis C virus |
Neg |
Neg |
Neg |
Neg |
Neg |
Neg |
Pos |
History of STI since HIV Infection | None | None | None | Syphilis and chlamydia infections | Gonorrhea | Syphilis | Gonorrhea |
Travel overseas | NK | NK | Kuwait | NK | NK | NK | NK |
Duration of HIV, y | 11 | 2 | <1 | 13 | 2 | 8 | 9 |
CD4 count, cells/mm3 | 822 | 517 | 660 | 454 | 753 | 98 | 217 |
HIV RNA level, copies/mL | 427 | 52,929 | 6,854 | 52,682 | 40,000 | 430,946 | 8,068 |
HAART received | Yes | No | No | No | No | No† | No‡ |
HEV serostatus | IgG sero and HEV RNA | IgG sero | IgM and IgG positivity | IgG sero | IgG sero | IgG sero | IgM with persistent positivity |
*All patients were male; none had evidence of acute hepatitis A virus infection or chronic HEV. HEV, hepatitis E infection; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; asymp, asymptomatic; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; neg, negative; pos, positive; STI, sexually transmitted infection; NK, none known; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; sero, seroconversion.
†Patient was receiving monotherapy with zalcitabine.
‡Patient was receiving dual therapy with stavudine and ritonavir.
1Members are listed at the end of this article.