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Volume 19, Number 4—April 2013
Letter

Serosurvey of Dogs for Human, Livestock, and Wildlife Pathogens, Uganda

Javier MillánComments to Author , Andrea D. Chirife, Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka, Oscar Cabezón, Jesús Muro, Ignasi Marco, Florence Cliquet, Luis León-Vizcaíno, Marine Wasniewski, Sonia Almería, and Lawrence Mugisha
Author affiliations: Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain (J. Millán, A.D. Chirife, O. Cabezón, I. Marco, S. Almería); Conservation through Public Health, Kampala, Uganda (G. Kalema-Zikusoka); Ministry of Agriculture, Andorra la Vella, Andorra (J. Muro); Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Malzéville, France (F. Cliquet, M. Wasniewski); University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain (L. León-Vizcaíno); Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal, Bellaterra, Spain (S. Almería); Makerere University, Kampala (L. Mugisha); Conservation and Ecosystem Health Alliance, Kampala (L. Mugisha)

Main Article

Table

Methodology and seroprevalence for selected pathogens in rural dogs in 3 national parks, Uganda, 2011*

Pathogen Test, cutoff value, and ref or kit National park
All 3 parks
 Queen Elizabeth†
 Bwindi Impenetrable‡
 Mgahinga Gorilla§
Sample size Prevalence, % (95% CI) Sample size Prevalence, % (95% CI) Sample size Prevalence, % (95% CI) Sample size Prevalence, % (95% CI)
Rabies virus¶ FAVN, 0.24 IU/mL (4) 101 19.8 (12.7–28.6) 23 21.7 (9.0–43.3) 56 19.6 (11.0–32.0) 22 16.7 (5.9–37.2)
CDV c-ELISA, Ingezim Moquillo IgG# 92 100.0 (95.9–100) 30 100 (88.8–100.0) 39 100 (91.4–100.0) 23 100 (85.4–100.0)
CPV c-ELISA, Ingezim CPV# 92 65.2 (54.9–74.5) 26 80.8 (61.7–92.1) 43 76.7 (61.7–87.6) 23 26.1 (12.0–47.8)
Leptospira interrogans** MAT, 1:200 (15) 105 26.7 (19.0–36.1) 27 25.9 (12.4–46.2) 55 29.1 (17.9–42.7) 23 21.7 (9.0–43.3)
Leishmania sp.†† c-ELISA, Ingezim Leishmania# 92 19.6 (12.3–29.2) 26 19.2 (7.9–38.3) 43 25.6 (14.6–40.6) 23 8.7 (1.6–27.8)
Toxoplasma gondii MAT, 1:25 (3) 109 90.8 (83.6–95.1) 30 90.0 (73.7–97.2) 56 98.2 (90.5–99.9) 23 73.9 (52.2–88.0)
Neospora caninum c-ELISA, 30% (3) 109 27.5 (19.6–36.6) 30 26.7 (13.1–45.0) 56 32.1 (21.2–45.5) 23 30.4 (14.5–52.2)

*Ref, reference; FAVN, fluorescent antibody virus neutralization; CPV, canine parvovirus; c-ELISA, competitive ELISA; CDV, canine distemper virus; MAT, modified agglutination test.
†0°12′ S, 30°0′ E (savannah).
‡1°0′ S, 29°42′ E (tropical forest).
§1°16′ S, 29°40′ E (tropical forest).
¶Four dogs vaccinated against rabies in Queen Elizabeth are not included in these results.
#Manufactured by Ingenasa, Madrid, Spain.
**Fourteen serovars were investigated. Of the dogs seropositive, 71.5% were seropositive to 1 serovar and 28.5% to 2 serovars. Reacting serovars were Icterohaemorragiae (42.8% of positive dogs), Canicola (39.2%), Pyrogenes (21.4%), Tarassovi (10.7%), and Gryppothiposa and Australis (7.2% each).
††Antibodies probably correspond to contact with Leishmania donovani.

Main Article

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The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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