Volume 19, Number 5—May 2013
Research
Targeting Surveillance for Zoonotic Virus Discovery
Table
Logistic regression analysis with bias reduction of whether a host presents with disease for 234 mammal–virus pairs from 5 taxonomic orders of mammals and 10 taxonomic families of viruses*
Predictor† | Values for categorical predictors relative to level of reference category |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient | SE | Z test statistic | p value | Odds ratio | 95% CI | |
Constant |
–0.33 |
0.58 |
–0.56 |
0.58 |
0.72 |
0.23–2.26 |
Virus family (reference category: Flaviviridae) | ||||||
Bunyaviridae | –1.74 | 0.64 | –2.71 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.05–0.62 |
Filoviridae | 3.26 | 1.83 | 1.78 | 0.08 | 26.07 | 0.72–944.49 |
Herpesviridae | 0.10 | 0.65 | 0.16 | 0.87 | 1.11 | 0.31–3.94 |
Paramyxoviridae | 3.43 | 1.42 | 2.41 | 0.02 | 30.95 | 1.90–503.52 |
Picornaviridae | 1.12 | 0.76 | 1.48 | 0.14 | 3.08 | 0.69–13.68 |
Poxviridae | 2.29 | 0.81 | 2.82 | <0.001 | 9.90 | 2.01–48.72 |
Reoviridae | 2.13 | 1.05 | 2.02 | 0.04 | 8.39 | 1.07–66.12 |
Rhabdoviridae | 9.20 | 2.39 | 3.85 | <0.001 | ‡ | ‡ |
Togaviridae |
–0.36 |
0.63 |
−–0.58 |
0.56 |
0.70 |
0.20–2.38 |
Species order (reference category: Artiodactyla) | ||||||
Chiroptera | –6.47 | 1.81 | –3.57 | <0.001 | 0.00 | 0–0.05 |
Perissodactyla | 0.58 | 0.76 | 0.77 | 0.44 | 1.79 | 0.40–8.03 |
Primates | –0.16 | 0.68 | –0.24 | 0.81 | 0.85 | 0.22–3.24 |
Rodentia | –1.12 | 0.67 | –1.66 | 0.10 | 0.33 | 0.09–1.22 |
*The subset of data used was selected by using a cutoff of at least 3 records in the database to avoid making inference about host orders or virus families, for which we had very little information.
†Virus and host reference groups were selected as those for which sample size was sufficiently large and symptomatic infection was moderate (see Figure 1).
‡All host–virus pairs were symptomatic.
1These authors contributed equally to this article.