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Volume 20, Number 12—December 2014
Dispatch

Reemergence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, South Korea, 2000–2011

Jong-Hyeon ParkComments to Author , Kwang-Nyeong Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Hyang-Sim Lee, Young-Joon Ko, Dong-Seob Tark, Yeun-Kyung Shin, Min-Goo Seo, and Byounghan Kim
Author affiliations: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

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Figure 1

Macro-analysis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in countries in eastern and Southeast Asia, 1999–2013. A) Number of countries in eastern Asia (South Korea, Japan, China, Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan) with FMD outbreaks on the basis of serotype. Values indicate sum of duplicated country counts of outbreaks caused by multiple serotypes. B) Number of countries in Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Lao People’s Democratic Republic [Laos PDR], Malaysia,

Figure 1. Macro-analysis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in countries in eastern and Southeast Asia, 1999–2013. A) Number of countries in eastern Asia (South Korea, Japan, China, Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan) with FMD outbreaks on the basis of serotype. Values indicate sum of duplicated country counts of outbreaks caused by multiple serotypes. B) Number of countries in Southeast Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Lao People’s Democratic Republic [Laos PDR], Malaysia, and the Philippines) with FMD outbreaks on the basis of serotype. C) Total number of FMD cases in countries in eastern Asia, 2005–2013. D) Number of FMD cases in countries in eastern Asia, 2005–2013, as indicated in the Animal Health Information Database. E) Ratio of FMD outbreaks in countries in eastern and Southeast Asia. F) Number of FMD outbreak countries (sum of FMD outbreak serotypes) in countries in eastern and Southeast Asia. The correlation coefficient (r) for eastern Asia and South Korea was 0.725. G) Mean numbers of FMD virus serotypes detected in countries in Asia and in South Korea during a 15-year period. *p<0.001, by paired t-test. Error bars indicate SEM. H) Comparison of numbers of outbreak serotypes of FMD virus in South Korea with those for countries in eastern and Southeast Asia during a 15-year period. The correlation between counties in eastern and Southeast Asia was significant (p<0.05). I) Phylogenetic analysis of viral protein 1 genes of FMD viruses identified in South Korea and countries in Asia during FMD outbreaks, 1999–2013. The phylogenetic tree was inferred by using the neighbor-joining method. Black dots indicate isolates identified in South Korea. Values along the branches are bootstrap values (1,000 replicates). Analysis was conducted by using MEGA version 6 (http://www.megasoftware.net/) and data from the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Information Database (http://www.oie.int), The Food and Agriculture Organization World Reference Laboratory for FMD (http://www.wrlfmd.org), the Southeast Asia and China FMD (SEACFMD) Campaign (http://www.seafmd-rcu.oie.int), national reports for international meetings (SEACFMD 2013,OIE/Japan Trust Fund on FMD control in Asia 2013), and previously reported data (9–11). Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site.

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