Volume 20, Number 12—December 2014
Dispatch
Reemergence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, South Korea, 2000–2011
Jong-Hyeon Park
, Kwang-Nyeong Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Hyang-Sim Lee, Young-Joon Ko, Dong-Seob Tark, Yeun-Kyung Shin, Min-Goo Seo, and Byounghan Kim
, Kwang-Nyeong Lee, Su-Mi Kim, Hyang-Sim Lee, Young-Joon Ko, Dong-Seob Tark, Yeun-Kyung Shin, Min-Goo Seo, and Byounghan Kim
Table
Characteristics of 5 outbreaks of foot-and mouth-disease, South Korea, 2000– 2011*
| Characteristic |
2000 Mar |
2002 May |
2010 Jan |
2010 Apr |
2010 Nov–
2011 Apr |
| Disease status | |||||
| No. cases | 15 | 16 | 7 | 13 | 153 |
| No. virus-positive cases | 15 | 16 | 7 | 29 | 3,700 |
| Duration virus detected, d | 22 | 52 | 28 | 29 | 145 |
| Period of virus detection | Mar 24–Apr 15 | May 2–Jun 23 | Jan 2–Jan 29 | Apr 8–May 6 | Nov 28–2011 Apr 21 |
| Host tropism | Ruminant | Pig (cattle) | Ruminant | Ruminant, pig | Ruminant, pig |
| Serotype (topotype/lineage) | O (ME-SA/PanAsia) | O (ME-SA/PanAsia) | A (ASIA/SEA-97) | O (SEA/Mya-98) | O (SEA/Mya-98) |
| No. affected provinces (cities or counties) | 3 (6) | 2 (4) | 1 (2) | 4 (4) | 11 (75) |
| Economic losses, US$, millions | 300 | 143 | 29 | 124 | 3,000 |
| Date of disease-free status |
2001 Sep 16 |
2002 Nov 29 |
2010 Sep 27 |
2010 Sep 27 |
2014 May 29 |
| Control measures | |||||
| Eradication policy | Culling, vaccination | Culling | Culling | Culling | Culling, vaccination |
| No. cattle culled | 2,021 | 1,372 | 2,905 | 10,858 | 150,864 |
| No. pigs culled | 63 | 158,708 | 2,953 | 38,274 | 3,318,298 |
| No. other animals culled | 132 | 75 | 98 | 742 | 10,800 |
| Total culled | 2,216 | 160,155 | 5,956 | 49,874 | 3,479,962 |
| Area of culling, km radius | 0.5 (all) | 0.5 (all), 3 (pigs) | 0.5 | 0.5, 3 (on 2 farms) | 0.5 |
| Vaccine strain | O Manisa | NA | NA | NA | O Manisa |
| No. animals vaccinated | 1st: 860,700, booster: 661,700 | NA | NA | NA | All susceptible animals |
| Vaccination range, km radius | 10 | NA | NA | NA | Nationwide |
| Serosurveillance area,
km radius |
20 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
| Restricted zones, km radius | |||||
| Management | NA | NA | 10–20 | 10–20 | 10–20 |
| Surveillance | 10–20 | 3–10 | 3–10 | 3–10 | 3–10 |
| Protection |
0–10 |
0–3 |
0–3 |
0–3 |
0–3 |
| Putative sources | |||||
| Regions in Asia as possible sources | Northeastern | Northeastern | Northeastern | Northeastern | Southeastern |
| Major sources of first outbreak | International travelers, imported hay | Overseas travel, foreign workers | Foreign workers, international parcels | Overseas travel | Overseas travel |
| Low possibility sources of first outbreak | Windborne spread of contaminated yellow sand, wild birds | Swill, saw dust, wild animals and birds, yellow sand | Overseas travel, imported forage, TMR feed, saw dust | Imported forage, TMR feed | Foreign workers, illegal livestock products |
| Possible transmission
factor for domestic regions |
Imported hay |
Humans and vehicles |
Humans (veterinarians, meetings, animal feeding) |
Vehicles, humans |
Vehicles, humans |
| References† | (2,8) | (3) | (4) | (6) | (5,7) |
*ME-SA, Middle East–South Asia; USD, US dollars; TMR, total mixed ration; NA, not applicable.
†Data were obtained from national epidemiology investigation reports on the 5 foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in South Korea and the references.
Page created: November 19, 2014
Page updated: November 19, 2014
Page reviewed: November 19, 2014
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