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Volume 20, Number 7—July 2014
Research

Independent Lineages of Highly Sulfadoxine-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum Haplotypes, Eastern Africa

Steve M. TaylorComments to Author , Alejandro L. Antonia1, Whitney E. Harrington, Morgan M. Goheen, Victor Mwapasa, Ebbie Chaluluka, Michal Fried, Edward Kabyemela, Mwayi Madanitsa, Carole Khairallah, Linda Kalilani-Phiri, Antoinette K. Tshefu, Stephen J. Rogerson, Feiko O. ter Kuile, Patrick E. Duffy, and Steven R. Meshnick
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA (S.M. Taylor); University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA (S.M. Taylor, A.L. Antonia, M.M. Goheen, S.R. Meshnick); Seattle Children’s Hospital/University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA (W.E. Harrington); College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi (V. Mwapasa, E. Chaluluka, M. Madanitsa, L. Kalilani-Phiri); National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (M. Fried. P.E. Duffy); Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle (E. Kabyemela); Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK (C. Khairallah, F.O. ter Kuile); University of Kinshasa, Kinshasha, Democratic Republic of the Congo (A.K. Tshefu); University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (S.J. Rogerson); University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (F.O. ter Kuile)

Main Article

Figure 2

Principal coordinates analyses of wild-type (SAKA) and mutant (SGEA and SGEG) Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) halotypes from eastern Africa based on analysis of variance (RST). Pairwise RST values were computed with SPAGeDi (26) for microsatellite profiles of 7 populations of parasites defined by dhps haplotype and location: SAKA parasites from Malawi (n = 24) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (n = 53) (blue dots); SGEA parasites from Malawi (n = 67) and DRC (n

Figure 2. Principal coordinates analyses of wild-type (SAKA) and mutant (SGEA and SGEG) Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) halotypes from eastern Africa based on analysis of variance (RST)Pairwise RST values were computed with SPAGeDi (26) for microsatellite profiles of 7 populations of parasites defined by dhps haplotype and location: SAKA parasites from Malawi (n = 24) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (n = 53) (blue dots); SGEA parasites from Malawi (n = 67) and DRC (n = 17) (green dots); and SGEG parasites from DRC (n = 5), Malawi (n = 10), and Tanzania (n = 17) (yellow dots)These pairwise values were inputted into principal coordinates analyses in GenAlEx (21), in which coordinates 1 and 2 cumulatively accounted for 96% of the varianceThe dhps haplotypes are defined by amino acids at codons 436, 437, 540, and 581Mutant amino acids are underlined and in bold.

Main Article

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1Current affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Page created: June 17, 2014
Page updated: June 17, 2014
Page reviewed: June 17, 2014
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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