Volume 21, Number 3—March 2015
CME ACTIVITY - Research
Epidemiology of Human Mycobacterium bovis Disease, California, USA, 2003–2011
, Neha Shah, and Jennifer Flood
Table 1
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of and treatment outcomes for case-patients with tuberculosis attributable to Mycobacterium bovis, California, USA, 2003–2011*
| Characteristic or outcome | No. (%) patients, by age group |
p value | No. patients/no. total (%), N = 742† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <15 y, n = 82 | >15 y, n = 660 | |||
| Sex | 0.08 | |||
| F | 47 (57.3) | 311 (47.1) | ||
| M |
35 (42.7) |
349 (52.9) |
384 (52) |
|
| Race/ethnicity | 0.0007 | |||
| Hispanic | 81 (98.8) | 518/659 (78.6) | 599/741 (80.7) | |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 1 (1.2) | 99/659 (15.0) | 100/741 (13.5) | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 0 | 8/659 (1.2) | 8/741 (1.1) | |
| White, non-Hispanic | 0 | 29/659 (4.4) | 29/741 (3.9) | |
| Other |
0 |
5/659 (0.8) |
5/741 (0.7) |
|
| Country of birth | <0.0001 | |||
| United States | 70 (85.4) | 112 (17.0) | 182 (24.5) | |
| Mexico | 11 (13.4) | 426 (64.5) | 437 (58.9) | |
| Other† |
1 (1.2) |
122 (18.5) |
123 (16.6) |
|
| Disease site | <0.0001 | |||
| Extrapulmonary only | 71 (86.6) | 248 (37.6) | 319 (43.0) | |
| Pulmonary only | 3 (1.1) | 266 (40.3) | 269 (36.3) | |
| Extrapulmonary and pulmonary |
8 (5.2) |
146 (22.1) |
154 (20.7) |
|
| Positive acid-fast bacilli sputum smear‡ | 2/7 (28.6) | 223/390 (57.2) | 0.25 | 225/397 (56.7) |
| Presence of cavitation on chest radiographs‡ |
1/8 (12.5) |
89/383 (23.2) |
0.69 |
90/391 (23.0) |
| Reported HIV co-infection |
0 (0.0) |
83 (12.6) |
<0.0001 |
83 (11.2) |
| Health care provider type | 0.002 | |||
| Health department | 16 (19.5) | 252/644 (39.2) | 268/726 (37.0) | |
| Private/other | 43 (52.4) | 271/644 (42.0) | 314/726 (43.2) | |
| Health department and private/other |
23 (28.1) |
121/644 (18.8) |
144/726 (19.8) |
|
| Dead at diagnosis |
0 (0.0) |
20 (3.5) |
0.15 |
20 (3.1) |
| Treatment outcome | 0.002 | |||
| Patient died before completion | 1/82 (1.2) | 79/617 (12.8) | 80/699 (11.4) | |
| Completed treatment | 79/82 (96.4) | 511/617 (82.8) | 590/699 (84.4) | |
| Patient lost during treatment | 1/82 (1.2) | 12/617 (2.0) | 13/699 (1.9) | |
| Refused treatment | 1/82 (1.2) | 2/617 (0.3) | 3/699 (0.4) | |
| Other |
0/82 (0.0) |
13/617 (2.1) |
13/699 (1.9) |
|
| Median no. months to treatment completion (IQR)§ | 10.1 (9.1, 12.4) | 9.4 (8.9, 12.0) | 0.16 | 9.5 (8.9, 12.0) |
*Data are no. (%) case-patients, except as noted. n values are indicated for categories with missing or incomplete data. AFB, acid-fast bacilli; IQR, interquartile range.
†Other countries (no. cases): Vietnam (33), Philippines (18), El Salvador (13), Cambodia (11), China (9), India (7), Indonesia (4), Guatemala (3), Peru (3), North Korea (3), Fiji (2), South Korea (2), Thailand (2), Cameroon (1), Chile (1), Egypt (1), Ethiopia (1), Honduras (1), Iran (1), Japan (1), Laos (1), Malaysia (1), Nicaragua (1), Taiwan (1), Tanzania (1), and Ukraine (1).
‡Among tested patients with any pulmonary disease involvement.
§Among patients who completed therapy.