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Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015
Dispatch

Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi, Gulf of Guinea Region, Africa

Murielle Baltazar12, Antoinette Ngandjio1, Kathryn Elizabeth Holt, Elodie Lepillet, Maria Pardos de la Gandara3, Jean-Marc Collard, Raymond Bercion4, Ariane Nzouankeu, Simon Le Hello, Gordon Dougan, Marie-Christine Fonkoua, and François-Xavier WeillComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Institut Pasteur, Paris, France (M. Baltazar, E. Lepillet, M. Pardos de la Gandara, S. Le Hello, F.-X. Weill); Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaoundé, Cameroon (A. Ngandjio, A. Nzouankeu, M.-C. Fonkoua); University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.E. Holt); Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK (K.E. Holt, G. Dougan); Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium (J.-M. Collard); Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic (R. Bercion)

Main Article

Figure 1

Characteristics of 50 Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates. The dendrogram was generated by using BioNumerics version 6.6 software (Applied Maths, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium) and shows results of cluster analysis on the basis of XbaI–pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) fingerprinting. Similarity analysis was performed by using the Dice coefficient, and clustering analysis was performed by using UPGMA. CRISPR1, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats 1; MDR, multidru

Figure 1. Characteristics of 50 Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolates. The dendrogram was generated by using BioNumerics version 6.6 software (Applied Maths, Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium) and shows results of cluster analysis on the basis of XbaI–pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) fingerprinting. Similarity analysis was performed by using the Dice coefficient, and clustering analysis was performed by using UPGMA. CRISPR1, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats 1; MDR, multidrug resistant; AMX, amoxicillin; STR, streptomycin; SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; CHL, chloramphenicol; TET, tetracycline; SPT, spectinomycin; SSS, sulfamethoxazole. Zaire is the former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Plasmid multilocus sequence typing (pMLST) was performed as described for incN http://pubmlst.org/plasmid/) or incHI1 (4). Plasmid size was estimated by using S1 nuclease PFGE (14). For isolates from Africa, red indicates linage A, blue indicates lineage B, and green indicates lineage C.

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Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

2Current affiliation: University of Limoges, Limoges, France.

3Current affiliation: Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.

4Current affiliation: Institute Pasteur de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.

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