Volume 21, Number 8—August 2015
Research
Differentiation of Acute Q Fever from Other Infections in Patients Presenting to Hospitals, the Netherlands1
Stephan P. Keijmel
, Elmer Krijger, Corine E. Delsing, Tom Sprong, Marrigje H. Nabuurs-Franssen, and Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers
, Elmer Krijger, Corine E. Delsing, Tom Sprong, Marrigje H. Nabuurs-Franssen, and Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers
Table 7
Outcome, follow-up, and prophylaxis for patients with acute Q fever and control group with negative serologic results for Q fever, the Netherlands*
| Characteristic | Study group | Control group | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | |||
| Hospitalized | 57/82 (70) | 49/52 (94) | 0.001† |
| Need for ICU | 2/57 (4) | 9/49 (18) | 0.002† |
| Need for respiratory support | 1/57 (2) | 8/49 (16) | 0.001† |
| Mean ± SD duration of hospitalization, d | 9 ± 7 | 17 ± 15 | 0.001‡ |
| Mean ± SD duration of time in ICU, d | 5 ± 1 | 14 ± 10 | 0.266‡ |
| Follow up | |||
| Development of chronic Q fever | 6/59 (10) | NA | NA |
| Development of long-lasting fatigue§ | 6/56 (11) | NA | NA |
| Death | 5/82 (6) | 10/52 (19) | 0.019† |
| Q fever–related death | 1/82 (1)¶ | NA | NA |
| Indication for prophylaxis | 16/82 (20) | NA | NA |
| Development of chronic Q fever | |||
| Prophylactic treatment | 0/8 (0) | NA | NA |
| No prophylactic treatment | 3/6 (50) | NA | 0.018# |
*Values are no. positive/no. tested (%) unless otherwise indicated. ICU, intensive care unit; NA, not applicable.
†By χ2 test.
‡By Student t-test.
§Defined as persisting fatigue for >6 mo after acute Q fever in the absence of chronic Q fever.
¶This patient died of consequences of an infected vascular prosthesis caused by chronic Q fever.
#By unilateral Barnard exact test.
1Preliminary results from this study were presented as a poster (P1851) at the 22th annual European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, March 31–April 3, 2012, London, UK.
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