Infections with Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Cytokine Responses in 2 Persons Bitten by Ticks, Sweden
Anna Grankvist
1, Lisa Labbé Sandelin
1, Jennie Andersson, Linda Fryland, Peter Wilhelmsson, Per-Eric Lindgren, Pia Forsberg, and Christine Wennerås
Author affiliations: University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden (A. Grankvist, J. Andersson, C. Wennerås); Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg (A. Grankvist, J. Andersson, C. Wennerås); Kalmar County Hospital, Kalmar, Sweden (L.L. Sandelin); Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (L.L. Sandelin); Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden (L. Fryland, P. Wilhelmsson, P.-E. Lindgren, P. Forsberg); County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden (P.-E. Lindgren)
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Figure 1
Figure 1. Proinflammatory cytokines in 2 patients infected with Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Sweden. Concentrations of cytokines A) interleukin-1β (IL-1β), B) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C) interleukin-6 (IL-6), and D) macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) were measured in serum of patient 1 on days 0, 77, and 169 and in serum of patient 2 on days 0, 65, and 98. A rash developed in patient 1 on day 77 and in patient 2 on day 65. Dashed lines indicate levels of Neoehrlichia DNA in plasma for both patients. Dotted lines indicate detection limit for each cytokine.
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