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Volume 21, Number 8—August 2015
Synopsis

Underrecognition of Dengue during 2013 Epidemic in Luanda, Angola

Tyler M. SharpComments to Author , Rosa Moreira, Maria José Soares, Lúis Miguel da Costa, Jennifer Mann, Mark J. Delorey, Elizabeth Hunsperger, Jorge L. Muñoz-Jordán, Candimar Colón, Harold S. Margolis, Adelaide de Caravalho, and Kay M. Tomashek
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA (T.M. Sharp, E. Hunsperger, J.L. Muñoz-Jordán, C. Colón, H.S. Margolis, K.M. Tomashek); Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program–Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Luanda, Angola (R. Moreira); Ministry of Health of Angola, Luanda (M.S. Soares, L.M. da Costa, A. de Caravalho); Center for Global Health–Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Luanda (J. Mann); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (M. DeLorey)

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Table 2

Demographic, illness, behavioral, and household characteristics of participants with or without evidence of recent DENV infection that were identified though household cluster investigations, Luanda, Angola, 2013*

Characteristic Participants with evidence of recent DENV infection, N = 41 Participants without evidence of recent DENV infection, N = 379 p value
Demographic
Age, median (range) 14 (4–65) 24 (0–94) 0.002
Male sex, no (%) 19 (49) 157 (43) 0.65
Time in Luanda, y (range) 13 (3–58) 20 (0–80) 0.01
Medical history, no. (%)
Fever in past 30 d 13 (33) 109 (29) 0.89
Sought medical care 7 (54) 62 (57) 0.42
Hospitalized 1 (14) 6 (10) 0.21
Diagnosis of dengue 0 (0) 4 (6) –
Diagnosis of malaria 5 (71) 36 (58) 0.09
Diagnosis of typhoid fever 1 (14) 4 (6) –
Other†/unknown diagnosis 1 (14) 18 (29) –
Minor bleeding‡ 2 (15) 6 (10) 0.13
Dengue with warning signs 6 (46) 23 (37) 0.57
Severe dengue 1 (8) 5 (8) 0.86
Behavioral, no. (%)
Traveled outside of Luanda in past 30 d 0 (0) 24 (6) 0.07
Used bed net in past 30 d 2 (5) 69 (19) 0.05
Used repellent in past 30 d 2 (5) 46 (12) 0.03
Household, no. (%)
Water supply
Piped water supply 28 (76) 186 (67) 0.77
Public water truck 4 (11) 84 (30) 0.04
Other§/unknown 5 (14) 59 (21) 0.81
Had febrile household member in past 30 d 19 (56) 176 (56) 0.98
Has screened windows 1 (3) 46 (15) 0.14
Usually leave windows open 30 (79) 258 (78) 0.39
Has air conditioning 15 (39) 142 (43) 0.72
Use mosquito coils in house or yard 23 (62) 176 (53) 0.87

*Thirty-five participants with equivocal anti-DENV IgM ELISA results were excluded from analysis. DENV, dengue virus; –, insufficient numbers for permutation test. Boldface type indicates significance.
†Influenza, arterial hypertension, diabetes, abortion.
‡Petechiae, epistaxis, gingival bleed.
§Well, rain water.

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Page created: July 14, 2015
Page updated: July 14, 2015
Page reviewed: July 14, 2015
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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