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Volume 22, Number 4—April 2016
Dispatch

Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup X in Sub-Saharan Africa

Alain Agnememel, Eva Hong, Dario Giorgini, Viginia Nuñez-Samudio1, Ala-Eddine Deghmane, and Muhamed-Kheir TahaComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

Main Article

Figure 1

Neighbor-Net SplitsTree graphs generated using SplitsTree4 version 4.13.1 (http://www.splitstree.org) to visualize trees of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X isolates. A) All 30 Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X isolates available on BIGSdb (11) were analyzed, including the 11 isolates from this study (8 from sub-Saharan Africa and 3 from France), 9 carriage isolates, 3 invasive isolates from Europe, 1 isolate from the United States, and 6 isolates from sub-Saharan African countries. Open (whi

Figure 1. Neighbor-Net SplitsTree graphs generated using SplitsTree4 version 4.13.1 (http://www.splitstree.org) to visualize trees of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X isolates. A) All 30 Neisseria meningitidis serogroup X isolates available on BIGSdb (11) were analyzed, including the 11 isolates from this study (8 from sub-Saharan Africa and 3 from France), 9 carriage isolates, 3 invasive isolates from Europe, 1 isolate from the United States, and 6 isolates from sub-Saharan African countries. Open (white) circles indicate carriage isolates; black circles indicate invasive isolates obtained outside of Africa; red circles indicate isolates obtained in sub-Saharan Africa since 2006; blue circles indicate isolates obtained from sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. Arrows indicate the 11 isolates obtained during this study. All isolates were compared with reference (Ref) meningococcal strain Z2491. The dashed rectangle indicates the cluster of all the clonal complex (CC) 181 isolates from sub-Saharan Africa (enlarged view at bottom of panel). B) The 11 isolates obtained during this study were compared for iron-acquisition genes (tpbA, tbpB, hpuA, hpuB, lbpA, lbpB, and hmbR). C) Genes of the 11 isolates obtained during this study compared with the 41 genes that differed between all the isolates obtained in Africa since 2006 and the isolate LNP13407 or the isolate LNP14354 (obtained during the 1990s).

Main Article

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1Current affiliation: Ministry of Health Panama and Instituto de Ciencias Médicas, Las Tablas, Panama.

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