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Volume 23, Number 1—January 2017
Dispatch

Increased Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, North East England, UK

Catherine Houseman, Gareth J. Hughes, Kaye E. Chapman, Deborah Wilson1, and Russell Gorton1Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: Public Health England, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (C. Houseman, K.E. Chapman, D. Wilson, R. Gorton); Public Health England, Leeds, UK (G.J. Hughes)

Main Article

Table 2

Trends in incidence of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in North East England, April 2013–March 2016*

Serotype group, serotype IRR (95% CI)† p value†
PPV23–13
8 1.18 (1.08–1.29) <0.001
9N 1.19 (1.04–1.36) 0.009
10A 1.07 (0.89–1.29) 0.465
11A 1.03 (0.92–1.15) 0.617
12F 1.28 (1.20–1.36) <0.001
15B/C‡ 1.29 (0.99–1.69) 0.061
17F 0.84 (0.65–1.09) 0.188
20 1.12 (0.96–1.31) 0.148
22F 1.04 (0.95–1.13) 0.421
33F
 1.17 (1.00–1.38)
 0.051
NVT§
6C 1.00 (0.91–1.10) 0.958
15A 1.13 (1.07–1.19) <0.001
16F 0.99 (0.85–1.15) 0.924
23A 1.15 (1.06–1.24) <0.001
23B 1.06 (0.81–1.40) 0.657
24F 1.03 (0.91–1.17) 0.645
31 1.03 (0.92–1.16) 0.591
35B 1.12 (0.92–1.37) 0.256
35F 1.23 (1.06–1.44) 0.008
38 0.84 (0.61–1.15) 0.279

*Boldface indicates significance. IRR, incidence rate ratio; PPV23–13, 23–valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine serotype cases, excluding those also contained in the 13–valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; NVT, nonvaccine type serotype cases.
†Increase in IRR per calendar quarter, estimated by using negative binomial regression, with counts per calendar quarter (from April 1–June 30, 2013 (Quarter 2) to January 1–March 31, 2016 (Quarter 1), robust standard errors and offset with the natural logarithm of the North East England population (10).
‡Includes 15B and 15B/C but excludes 15C serotypes as determined by the Public Health England Respiratory and Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Reference Unit.
§NVT serotypes reported more than once in the epidemiologic year 2015–2016.

Main Article

References
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1These authors were co-principal investigators.

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