Volume 23, Number 3—March 2017
Dispatch
Increase in Tuberculosis Cases among Prisoners, Brazil, 2009–20141
Table
Annual average data for tuberculosis notifications, by incarceration status and gender, Brazil, 2009–2014
Category |
General Population | Prisoners | p value, men vs. women* |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All |
Men |
Women |
All |
Men |
Women |
|||
Population, thousands | 194,898 | 96,546 | 98,352 | 490 | 459 | 31 | <0.0001 | |
Annual no. cases | 81,370 | 53,138 | 28,227 | 6,388 | 5,869 | 519 | <0.0001 | |
Notification rate, cases/100,000 population | 42 | 55 | 29 | 1,307 | 1,281 | 1,703 | 0.001 | |
HIV status reported, %† | 66.1 | 66.6 | 65.3 | 65.9 | 65.9 | 66.0 | 0.97 | |
HIV co-infection, %‡ | 17.4 | 18.2 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 15.2 | 24.1 | 0.003 | |
Smear positive, % | 55.5 | 57.2 | 52.2 | 65.5 | 66.4 | 55.2 | <0.0001 | |
Extrapulmonary, % | 17.5 | 16.4 | 19.5 | 8.2 | 7.4 | 16.7 | 0.0002 | |
Treatment success, % | 66.6 | 64.4 | 70.9 | 69.5 | 69.8 | 66.0 | 0.09 |
*p values calculated with the Welch t-test comparing prisoners’ annual data by sex.
†HIV status based on a positive or negative status result or AIDS diagnosis from the time of tuberculosis notification.
‡% HIV co-infection calculated as percentage positive HIV+ results among those with HIV status reported.
1Preliminary results from this study were presented at the 46th Union World Conference on Lung Health, December 2–6, 2016, Cape Town, South Africa.